Blood

Question 1

Blood Volume

Answer 1

4-6 liters

Question 2

Blood temperature

Answer 2

38C (100.4F)

Question 3

pH of blood

Answer 3

7.35-7.45

Question 4

Composition of Blood

Answer 4

55% plasma, 44% erythrocytes,

Question 5

Hematocrit

Answer 5

Percentage of blood volume made of RBC. Males-40-54%, Females-37-47%

Question 6

Plasma Composition

Answer 6

92% water by weight, 7% protein by weight

Question 7

Buffy coat

Answer 7

platelets and leukocytes

Question 8

Plasma protein

Answer 8

60% albumins, 35% globulins, 4%fibrinogen, 1% regulatory proteins.

Question 9

rouleaux

Answer 9

RBC stack to smooth flow

Question 10

Hemoglobin structure

Answer 10

four globular proteins each with one molecule of heme-each heme has one iron ion.

Question 11

Hemoglobinuria

Answer 11

Hemoglobin breakdown products in urine due to excess hemolysis in bloodstream

Question 12

hematuria

Answer 12

Whole RBC in urine due to kidney or tissue damage.

Question 13

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 13

Secreted when oxygen is low. Due to disease or high altitude. produced by kidneys.

Question 14

RBC development

Answer 14

Hemocytoblast-myeloid stem-progenitor-proerythroblast-erythroblast-eject nucleus-reticulocyte-enter blood-erythrocyte.

Question 15

polycythemia

Answer 15

Too many RBC circulating. Increased pressure and viscosity.

Question 16

Diapedesis

Answer 16

WBC leave blood and enter tissues

Question 17

chemotaxis

Answer 17

WBC attracted to infection by damaged cells, dead cells, or invading pathogens.

Question 18

Granulocytes

Answer 18

Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophil

Question 19

agranulocytes

Answer 19

lymphocytes, monocytes.

Question 20

Lymphatic cells

Answer 20

B-cells, T-cells, natural killer cells.

Question 21

myeloid stem cells

Answer 21

produce all WBC except lymphocytes.

Question 22

Normal WBC count

Answer 22

5,000-10,000 cells per microliter.

Question 23

Platelet count

Answer 23

150,000 to 500,000 per microliter.

Question 24

Phases of hemostasis

Answer 24

Vascular, platelet, coagulation…….clot retraction.

Question 25

margination

Answer 25

WBC is slowing down in blood vessel

Question 26

neutrophils

Answer 26

Most abundant WBC. Phagocytic cell with multi-lobed nucleus. First to respond and pus is dead neutrophils. Granulocytes

Question 27

Eosinophils

Answer 27

Granulocyte with granules stain bright red. More present in AM (diurnal) with divided, lobed nucleus. Worm and allergic reaction.

Question 28

Basophils

Answer 28

Granules dye blue. Effector cells in allergic reaction that dilate the capillary walls.

Question 29

Monocytes

Answer 29

Agranulocytes. Become macrophages once chemotaxis in tissue.

Question 30

Natural killer cells

Answer 30

Largest lymphocytes. Kills virus infected and tumor cells without prior stimulation. Innate response

Question 31

Thrombocytes

Answer 31

Platelets from megakaryocytes.

Question 32

Erythropoiesis

Answer 32

Red cell production