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block 3 > Anemia > Flashcards

Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

MCV

A

Mean corpuscular volume

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2
Q

MCHC

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin volume

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3
Q

microcytic

A

Small RBC cell volume-MCV

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4
Q

normocytic

A

Normal RBC cell volume-MCV

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5
Q

macrocytic

A

large RBC volume-MCV

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6
Q

Hypochromic

A

Low hemoglobin-MCHC

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7
Q

normochromic-

A

normal hemoglobin-MCHC

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8
Q

Anisocytosis

A

RBC size variation

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9
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

Shape variation

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10
Q

Anemia

A

Reduction in hemoglobin or RBC numbers.

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11
Q

What would you see in acute blood loss

A

Higher reticulocytes and nucleated RBC in circulation

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12
Q

Hemolytic Anemia signs

A

Increased bilirubin, increased LDH, reduced haptoglobin

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13
Q

Heptoglobin

A

Binds to free hemoglobin

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14
Q

Glucoronyl transferase

A

In liver that conjugates bilirubin with sugars to allow for excretion with stool.

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15
Q

Urobilinogen

A

Bilirubin that is converted to urobilinogen from intestinal bacteria and excreted as urine.

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16
Q

Extrahepatic obstruction jaundice

A

light/clay feces and dark urine. Bile duct obstruction.

17
Q

intrahepatic obstruction jaundice

A

normal to light feces and light urine. Damaged hepatocytes.

18
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

Dark feces and urine.

19
Q

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

A

Physical trauma to cells that forms schistocytes-extracopuscular

20
Q

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A

Warm-IgG, spleen, spherocytes. Cold-IgM, complement, intravascular hemolysis, agglutination……..Both extracopuscular

21
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

Clogs spleen and causes infarcted (dying) due to clogged vessels. -intracorpuscular

22
Q

Thalassemia

A

Don’t enough alpha or beta chain. RBC are hypochromic, microcytic and increased RBC causes medullary expansion due to increased erythropoiesis.

23
Q

Hereditary spherocytosis

A

Many spherocytes caused by spectrin defect. spectrin is infrastructure support for RBC. RBC form polymers and get intrapped in spleen causing splenomegaly. RBC are curvature.

24
Q

Howell-jolly bodies

A

Evidence of markedly decreased splenic activity. RBC with organelle- intracorpuscular.

25
Q

Glucose-6-peroxidase dehydrogenase deficiency

A

Creates reactive oxygen species and results in bite RBC. -intracorpuscular

26
Q

Iron-deficiency anemia

A

microcytic, hypochromic

27
Q

Anemia of chronic disease

A

Increase hepcidin in liver binds iron and unable to make more RBC…

28
Q

Pernicious anemia (Megaloblastic anemia)

A

Large RBC volume caused by reduced B12/folate. Deficient intrinsic factor in stomach so can’t absorb B12. Folate metabolism uses B12. Also cause hypersegmented neutrophils. Normochromaic, macrocytic.

29
Q

Schilling test

A

To determine is a person has pernicious anemia

30
Q

aplastic anemia

A

Too few cells

31
Q

Pancytopenia bone marrow

A

cell deficiency

32
Q

hypoplastic bone marrow

A

Empty bone marrow

33
Q

Myelophthisic anemia

A

Tear drop shape RBC. No space in bone marrow for cell growth.

block 3 (9 decks)

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