Anemia

Question 1

MCV

Answer 1

Mean corpuscular volume

Question 2

MCHC

Answer 2

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin volume

Question 3

microcytic

Answer 3

Small RBC cell volume-MCV

Question 4

normocytic

Answer 4

Normal RBC cell volume-MCV

Question 5

macrocytic

Answer 5

large RBC volume-MCV

Question 6

Hypochromic

Answer 6

Low hemoglobin-MCHC

Question 7

normochromic-

Answer 7

normal hemoglobin-MCHC

Question 8

Anisocytosis

Answer 8

RBC size variation

Question 9

Poikilocytosis

Answer 9

Shape variation

Question 10

Anemia

Answer 10

Reduction in hemoglobin or RBC numbers.

Question 11

What would you see in acute blood loss

Answer 11

Higher reticulocytes and nucleated RBC in circulation

Question 12

Hemolytic Anemia signs

Answer 12

Increased bilirubin, increased LDH, reduced haptoglobin

Question 13

Heptoglobin

Answer 13

Binds to free hemoglobin

Question 14

Glucoronyl transferase

Answer 14

In liver that conjugates bilirubin with sugars to allow for excretion with stool.

Question 15

Urobilinogen

Answer 15

Bilirubin that is converted to urobilinogen from intestinal bacteria and excreted as urine.

Question 16

Extrahepatic obstruction jaundice

Answer 16

light/clay feces and dark urine. Bile duct obstruction.

Question 17

intrahepatic obstruction jaundice

Answer 17

normal to light feces and light urine. Damaged hepatocytes.

Question 18

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 18

Dark feces and urine.

Question 19

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

Answer 19

Physical trauma to cells that forms schistocytes-extracopuscular

Question 20

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Answer 20

Warm-IgG, spleen, spherocytes. Cold-IgM, complement, intravascular hemolysis, agglutination……..Both extracopuscular

Question 21

sickle cell anemia

Answer 21

Clogs spleen and causes infarcted (dying) due to clogged vessels. -intracorpuscular

Question 22

Thalassemia

Answer 22

Don’t enough alpha or beta chain. RBC are hypochromic, microcytic and increased RBC causes medullary expansion due to increased erythropoiesis.

Question 23

Hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 23

Many spherocytes caused by spectrin defect. spectrin is infrastructure support for RBC. RBC form polymers and get intrapped in spleen causing splenomegaly. RBC are curvature.

Question 24

Howell-jolly bodies

Answer 24

Evidence of markedly decreased splenic activity. RBC with organelle- intracorpuscular.

Question 25

Glucose-6-peroxidase dehydrogenase deficiency

Answer 25

Creates reactive oxygen species and results in bite RBC. -intracorpuscular

Question 26

Iron-deficiency anemia

Answer 26

microcytic, hypochromic

Question 27

Anemia of chronic disease

Answer 27

Increase hepcidin in liver binds iron and unable to make more RBC...

Question 28

Pernicious anemia (Megaloblastic anemia)

Answer 28

Large RBC volume caused by reduced B12/folate. Deficient intrinsic factor in stomach so can't absorb B12. Folate metabolism uses B12. Also cause hypersegmented neutrophils. Normochromaic, macrocytic.

Question 29

Schilling test

Answer 29

To determine is a person has pernicious anemia

Question 30

aplastic anemia

Answer 30

Too few cells

Question 31

Pancytopenia bone marrow

Answer 31

cell deficiency

Question 32

hypoplastic bone marrow

Answer 32

Empty bone marrow

Question 33

Myelophthisic anemia

Answer 33

Tear drop shape RBC. No space in bone marrow for cell growth.