Blood 4

Question 1

neutrophil function

Answer 1

combat pyogenic infections

Question 2

eosinophils function

Answer 2

fight alltergies and parasitic infections

Question 3

basobphil function

Answer 3

function is to fight hypersensitivity reactions, parasitis infections

Question 4

lymphocyte function

Answer 4

fight viral infections (measles, rubella, cheickenpox, mono)

Question 5

monocyte function

Answer 5

help neutrophils

Question 6

what do basophils contain? why?

Answer 6

histamine, heparine, etc

for immediate hypersensitivity reactions

Question 7

what do eosinophils contain?

Answer 7

proteolytic enzymes

Question 8

where do we find eosinophils

Answer 8

mostly in tissues, not blood

Question 9

what do neutrophils contain? why?

Answer 9

acid phosphatase
acid hydrolase
peroxidase
for phagocytic action

Question 10

what are granulocytes?

Answer 10

cells that contain granules

Question 11

what are the types of granulocytes?

Answer 11

neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils

Question 12

leukocytosis

Answer 12

WBC count above 10,000

Question 13

what is leukocytosis due to?

Answer 13

increase in one of the 5 types of WBCs

Question 14

neutrophiic leukocytosis

Answer 14

neutrophilia

Question 15

lymphocytic leukocytosis

Answer 15

lymphocytosis

Question 16

eosinophilic leukocytosis

Answer 16

eosinophilia

Question 17

monocytic leukocysosis

Answer 17

monocytosis

Question 18

basophilic leukocytosis

Answer 18

basophilia

Question 19

leukocytosis >10,000 can be due to?

Answer 19

infection
inflammation
tissue necrosis
stress
strenuous eercise
corticosteroids, lithium, beta agonists
trauma (splenctomy)
leukemoid reactions
leukemia

Question 20

leukopenia <5,000 can be due to?

Answer 20

virus
overwhelming bacterial infections
bone marrow disorders
antimetabolites
barbituates
antibiotics
anticonvulsants
antithyroid drugs
arsenicals
antineoplastics
cardiovascular drugs
diuretics
analgesics
anti-inflammatory drugs
heavy metal intoxication

Question 21

WBCs

Answer 21

form the first line of defense of the body from invading microorganisms

Question 22

what is the difference between RBCs and WBCs?

Answer 22

WBCs have a nucleus

Question 23

what are the types of nongranulocytes?

Answer 23

lymphocytes

monocytes

Question 24

leukopoiesis

Answer 24

process by which WBCs differeniate and proliferate

Question 25

development of leukocytes occurs primarily in?

Answer 25

bone marrow | lymphocytes can also develop in

Question 26

how long does it take for granulocytes to be released into the peripheral blood?

Answer 26

14 days

Question 27

neutrophils contain

Answer 27

acid phosphatase, acid hydrolase, peroxidase (essential from phagocytic action

Question 28

eosinophils contain

Answer 28

contain proteolytic enzymes

Question 29

function of eosinophils

Answer 29

allergy, drug reaction and parasites

Question 30

where are eosinophils primarily?

Answer 30

tissue cells (not common in blood)

Question 31

basophils contain

Answer 31

histamine, heparin, etc

Question 32

what is the function of basophils?

Answer 32

immediate hypersensitivity reaction, parasitic reactions

Question 33

neutrophil function

Answer 33

combat pyogenic infections

Question 34

function of lymphocytes

Answer 34

function to fight viral infections (measles, rubella, chicken pox, mono)

Question 35

monocytes function

Answer 35

help neutrophils

Question 36

bacterial infections are generally _____than viral infections

Answer 36

worse

Question 37

what will the tech do for WBC differentials?

Answer 37

stain the blood smear so a differential count can be done | count 100 cells to arrive at a differential

Question 38

leukopenia

Answer 38

decreased WBCs | less than 5,000

Question 39

leukopenia is seen with?

Answer 39

virus drugs, overwhelming bacterial infections and debilitated states antibiotic therapy bone marrow failure

Question 40

leukocytosis

Answer 40

increased WBCs

Question 41

leukocytosis can be due to?

Answer 41

infection, inflammation, tissue necrosis, leukemoid reaction, leukemia, trauma, stress, etc

Question 42

leukemoid reaction

Answer 42

mimics CML greater than 20,000, less than 50,000 shift to the left is observed

Question 43

leukemias are typically greater than..?

Answer 43

50,000

Question 44

right shift indicates?

Answer 44

mature cells

Question 45

left shift indicates?

Answer 45

more immature cells | increases in metamyelocytes, myelocytes, promyelocytes, blasts and bands

Question 46

metamyelocytes mature into?

Answer 46

neutrophil bands, eosinophil bands, basophil bands

Question 47

lymphocyte maturity steps

Answer 47

``` stem cells lymphoblast prolymphocyte large lymphocytes small lymphocyte ```

Question 48

monocyte maturity steps

Answer 48

stem cell monoblast promonocyte monocyte

Question 49

what are other names for neutrophils?

Answer 49

segs polymorphonuclear neutrophils polys

Question 50

neutrophilia

Answer 50

increase in neutrphils usually

Question 51

neutrophilia is due to?

Answer 51

bacterial infections, may also be due to inflammation, tissue destruction may also be increased after severe exercise, stress and hypoxia, myelogenous leukemia, neutrophilic leukemoid reactions may be due to some parasitic, fungal and some viral infections

Question 52

neutropenia

Answer 52

decrease in neutrophils overwhelming bacterial infections and viral infections

Question 53

toxic granules (granulation)

Answer 53

seen with infections, burns, malignancy and chemical poisoning

Question 54

toxic vacuoles are seen with

Answer 54

septicemia, severe infections and toxic states, sign of degeneration

Question 55

hypersegmented neutrophils are seen with?

Answer 55

megaloblastic anemia

Question 56

16 WBCs indicates

Answer 56

leukocytosis in reaction to infection/inflammation

Question 57

78 segs indicate

Answer 57

neutrophilia likely in response to bacteria

Question 58

10 bands indicate

Answer 58

shift to the left

Question 59

12 lymphs indicate

Answer 59

lymphopenia

Question 60

bands/stab cells are

Answer 60

non functional

Question 61

mature neutrophils + immature bands=?

Answer 61

shift to the left seen with infection/inflammation

Question 62

types of lymphocytes

Answer 62

B and T lymphocytes

Question 63

B lymphocytes

Answer 63

tag foreign bodies and antibody production

Question 64

T lymphocytes

Answer 64

kill foreign bodies migrate to the thymus to proliferate T helper and T suppressor cells migrate to lymphoid tissue and represent the majority of lymphoid cells

Question 65

where do lymphocyte precursors mature?

Answer 65

bone marrow

Question 66

types of T cells

Answer 66

``` helper T cells NK T cells suppressor T cell cytotoxic T cell memory T cell regulatory T cell gamma delta T cell ```

Question 67

where do B lymphocytes mature?

Answer 67

bone marrow, then released to lymph nodes, spleen, lymphoid tissue

Question 68

final maturation of B lymphocytes are?

Answer 68

plasma cells

Question 69

B lymphocytes have what kind of immunity?

Answer 69

humoral immunity and antibody production in response to antigen

Question 70

T lymphocytes have what kind of immunity?

Answer 70

cellular immunity, tumor supression, protect from intracelular organisms