Block 8_Chapter 24 (Digestive System)

Question 1

The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called

Answer 1

rugae

Question 2

An enzyme that digests proteins into peptides is

Answer 2

trypsin

Question 3

The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of

Answer 3

pancreatic acini

Question 4

____ are blade-shaped teeth that function in cutting or clipping

Answer 4

incisors

Question 5

Contraction of the ___ alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves epithelial pleats and folds

Answer 5

muscularis mucosa

Question 6

At the hepatic flexure, the colon becomes the

Answer 6

transverse colon

Question 7

An intestinal hormone that stimulates gastric secretion is

Answer 7

gastrin

Question 8

The layer of loose connective tissue that directly supports the digestive epithelium is the

Answer 8

lamina propria

Question 9

The enzyme pepsin digests

Answer 9

proteins

Question 10

Sensory nerve cells, parasympathetic ganglia, and sympathetic postganglionic fibers can be found in the

Answer 10

submucosal plexus

Question 11

Which of these descriptions best matches the term myenteric plexus?

a. loose connective tissue layer containing blood vessels
b. component of mucosa
c. sensory neural network
d. secretes a watery fluid
e. coordinates activity of muscularis externa

Answer 11

coordinates activity of muscularis externa

Question 12

Plicae and intestinal villi

Answer 12

increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine

Question 13

The basic functional unit of the liver is the

Answer 13

lobule

Question 14

The functions of the oral cavity include all of the following, except

a. analysis of material before swallowing.
b. lubrication.
c. digestion of carbohydrates.
d. absorption of monosaccharides.
e. mechanical processing of food.

Answer 14

Absorption of monosaccharides

Question 15

The part of the stomach that functions as a mixing chamber for food and secretions is the

Answer 15

body

Question 16

The absorption of some sugars in the small intestine involves

Answer 16

cotransport

Question 17

What region of the stomach does the esophagus connect to?

Answer 17

cardia

Question 18

The activities of the digestive system are regulated by:

a. hormones.
b. parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons.
c. the contents of the digestive tract.
d. intrinsic nerve plexuses.
e. all of these

Answer 18

all of these

Question 19

Peyer patches are characteristic of the

Answer 19

ileum

Question 20

Which of the following is false about secretions from the salivary glands?

a. help lubricate the oral cavity and its contents
b. contain enzymes for the digestion of polysaccharides
c. are mostly water
d. contain enzymes for the digestion of disaccharides
e. help control bacterial populations in the mouth

Answer 20

Contain enzymes for the digestion of disaccharides

Question 21

_____ are pointed teeth that are adapted for tearing and slashing

Answer 21

cuspids

Question 22

A structure that helps prevent food from entering the pharnyx prematurely is the

Answer 22

uvula

Question 23

The Kupffer cells of the liver:

Answer 23

destroy RBCs
destroy bacteria
present antigens
are phagocytic

Question 24

The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the

Answer 24

common bile duct and the pancreatic duct

Question 25

____ are teeth with flattened crowns and prominent ridges that are adapted for crushing and grinding

Answer 25

molars

Question 26

Functions of the stomach include all of the following except: a. storage of ingested food. b. initiation of protein digestion. c. mechanical breakdown of food. d. denaturation of proteins. e. absorption of triglycerides.

Answer 26

absorption of triglycerides

Question 27

An intestinal hormone that stimulates mucus secretion by the submucosal duodenal glands is

Answer 27

enterocrinin

Question 28

The enzyme amylase digests

Answer 28

polysaccharides

Question 29

Digestion refers to the

Answer 29

mechanical breakdown of food and chemical breakdown of food only

Question 30

An enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa of a newborn that coagulates milk proteins is

Answer 30

rennin

Question 31

Products of fat digestion are transported initially by

Answer 31

lymphatic vessels

Question 32

All of the following contain mucous cells in the epithelium, except the a. stomach. b. large intestine. c. esophagus. d. small intestine. e. transverse colon.

Answer 32

esophagus

Question 33

The pylorus empties into the

Answer 33

duodenum

Question 34

An intestinal hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile is

Answer 34

cholecystokinin

Question 35

Chief cells secrete

Answer 35

pepsinogen

Question 36

Parietal cells secrete

Answer 36

intrinsic factor

Question 37

The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction is

Answer 37

gastrin

Question 38

The pancreas produces _____-digesting enzymes in the form of proenzymes

Answer 38

protein

Question 39

Gastric pits are

Answer 39

openings into gastric glands

Question 40

Functions of the large intestine include

Answer 40

Absorption of vitamins and reabsorption of water and compaction of feces only

Question 41

During deglutition, which of the following phases is NOT present?

Answer 41

laryngeal

Question 42

Movements unique to the large intestine are ______ movements

Answer 42

mass

Question 43

The gastric phase of gastric secretion is triggered by the

Answer 43

entry of food into the stomach

Question 44

Large blood vessels and lymphatics are found in the

Answer 44

submucosa

Question 45

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the

Answer 45

mouth

Question 46

The esophagus has several variations from the standard plan of the gut tube. These include:

Answer 46

epithelium of mucosa is stratified squamous, and muscularis externa may be striated muscle only

Question 47

Nutrients are absorbed by all of the following, except a. cotransport. b. diffusion. c. osmosis. d. active transport. e. facilitated diffusion.

Answer 47

osmosis

Question 48

Gastric secretion in response to elevated luminal pH is an example of

Answer 48

local stimulation

Question 49

Bile is stored in the

Answer 49

gallbladder

Question 50

The portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum is the

Answer 50

ilium