blended - aldehydes + ketones

Question 1

what use do carbonyls have in the industry

Answer 1

perfumes
solvents
dyes

Question 2

oxidizing agents

Answer 2

acidified potassium dichromate / acidified potassium manganate

warmed

Question 3

what forms when primary alcohol is oxidised under warmth

Answer 3

aldehyde

Question 3

what forms when primary alcohol is oxidised under reflux

Answer 3

carboxylic acid

Question 4

how to prevent further oxidation

Answer 4

distillation

Question 5

what is the colour change when acidified potassium dichromate oxidises a carbonyl

Answer 5

orange –> green

Question 6

what is the colour change when acidified potassium manganate oxidises a carbonyl

Answer 6

purple –> colourless

Question 7

Tollens

Answer 7

if aldehyde is warmed = silver mirror

Question 8

Fehling’s

Answer 8

if aldehyde is present = brick red ppt

Question 9

2,4-DNPH + carbonyl

Answer 9

red-orange ppt if carbonyl is seen

recrystallised m.p can be compared to data book values to identify the aldehyde or ketone.

Question 10

iodoform

Answer 10

yellow solid

Question 11

extending the carbon chain:

Answer 11

carbonyl + HCN(insitu)
nucleophilic addition

Question 12

what is used to produce HCN in situ

Answer 12

sulfuric acid + KCN