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Y3 Renal Conditions > Bladder carcinoma > Flashcards

Bladder carcinoma Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of bladder carcinoma

A

Urothelium (endothelial lining)

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2
Q

Carcinogen aromatic amines can be found in

A
  • dye

- rubber

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3
Q

Schistosomiasis is a RF to which cancer

A

SCC

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4
Q

Most common type of bladder carcinoma

A

Transitional cell carcinoma (90%)

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5
Q

Less common type of bladder carcinoma

A

SCC (5%)

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6
Q

Dye factory workers are at risk of

A

Transitional cell carcinoma

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7
Q

Asbestos exposure is associated with

A

Mesothelioma

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8
Q

Outdoor workers/sun is associated with

A

Skin cancer

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9
Q

Classic exam presentation

A

Retired dye factory worker with painless haematuria

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10
Q

Classic presentation of bladder cancer

A

Painless haematuria

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11
Q

A two-week referral is made for >45 if they experience

A
  • unexplained visible haematuria AND

- without UTI/ Tx after UTI

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12
Q

A two-week referral is made for >60 if they experience

A
  • microscopic haematuria AND

- dysuria/raised WCC

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13
Q

Non-urgent referral is made for >60 if they experience

A

Recent unexplained UTIs

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14
Q

Dx method that uses a tube and can use GA/LA

A

Cystoscopy

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15
Q

Non-muscle-invasive bladder TNM

A
  • Tis/carcinoma in situ
  • Ta
  • T1
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16
Q

Describe the affected tissue and tumour shape in Tis/carcinoma in situ

A
  • urothelium

- flat

17
Q

Describe the affected tissue and projection of Ta

A
  • urothelium

- bladder

18
Q

Tissue affected in T1

A
  • urothelium & connective tissue

- NOT muscle

19
Q

Affected tissue in T2-4 muscle-invasive bladder cancer

A
  • muscle
  • lymph nodes
  • metastatic spread
20
Q

1st line Tx bladder cancer

A

Transurethral resection of bladder (TURBT)

21
Q

Indication for TURBT

A

Non-muscle invasion bladder

22
Q

2nd line Tx bladder cancer to try after TURBT

A

Intravesical chemotherapy

23
Q

Intravesical chemotherapy has an advantage of

A

— recurrence risk

24
Q

Rationale behind intravesical BCG vaccine

A
  • stimulate immune repsonse
25
Q

Possible solutions to deal with urine following radical cystectomy

A
  • urostotomy
  • continent urinary diversion
  • neobladder reconstruction
  • ureterosigmoidostomy

Y3 Renal Conditions (9 decks)

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