Birth care through the first 2 hours Flashcards
The primary goal of care in the first moments after birth is to assist the newly born infant to transition to…
Extrauterine life by establishing effective respirations.
Where is the infant placed after birth and what is the first assessment?
Places prone on the mother’s abdomen or chest, and the nurse assesses the airway
Drying the infant with vigorous rubbing removes moisture to prevent…
Evaporative heat loss and provides tactile stimulation to stimulate respiratory effort
How is the HR quickly assessed?
By grabbing the umbilical cord or by auscultating the left chest with a stethoscope.
What does the Apgar score do?
Permits a rapid assessment of the newborn’s transition to extrauterine existence based on 5 signs that indicate the physiologic state of the neonate.
What are the 5 signs of the neonate.
HR Respiratory effort Muscle tone Reflex irritability Color
When should a more detailed physical exam of the infant be done?
12 to 18 hrs after birth and before the infant leaves the hospital
What features to assess during a general survey are?
Posture
Activity
Any overt signs of anomalies that can cause initial distress
Presence of bruising or the consequences of birth
State of alternates
What is the normal resting position of a neonate?
General Flexion
Where do you measure the temp of a newborn?
Axillary
What should the examiner do before taking the temp?
Determine apical HR and RR while the infant is quiet and at rest
The normal axillary temp averages..
97.7 to 99.5
What are the characteristics of neonates respirations?
Shallow and irregular
What is the average RR?
40 breath/min
Range 30 to 60
What is the average HR of an neonate?
120 - 160
What is the average birth weight of an infant?
2500 to 4000 g (5.5 to 8.8 IB)
The head is measured at the widest part, which is the _______.
Occipitofrontal Diameter
The term neonate’s head circumference ranges from ___ to ___ cm
32 to 36.8
What is the New Ballard Score?
A frequently used method of determining gestational age. Used to measure gestational ages of infants as 20 weeks of gestation.
To ensure accuracy of the New Ballard Score, when do newborns need to be measured?
first 48 hours of life.
Define preterm or premature
Born before completion of 37 wks of gestation, regardless of birth weight
Define Late preterm
Born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 wks
Define term
Born between the beginning of wk 37 and the end of wk 42 of gestation
Define postterm
Born after completion of wk 42 of gestation
Define postmature
born after completion of wk 42 of gestation and showing the effects of progressive placental insufficiency.
What is suctioned first with the bulb syringe and why?
The mouth is suctioned first to prevent infant from inhaling pharyngeal secretions by gasping as the nares are touched
What part of the mouth is avoided and why?
The center of the infants mouth is avoided because the gag reflex can be stimulated.
The nurse should listen to the infant’s respirations and lung sounds with a stethoscope to determine if ____ or _______ is present.
Crackles
Inspiratory stridor
Four conditions are essential for maintaining an adequate oxygen supply:
A clear airway
Effective establishment of respirations
Adequate circulation, adequate perfusion, and effective cardiac function
Adequate thermoregulation