Bipolar/ Eating/ Substance Use Disorders

Question 1

what is a manic episode

Answer 1

1 week of elevated, expansive or irritable mod & 3 changes of…

self esteem, low need for sleep, talkative, easily distracted, increase activity, expansive mood, high risk activities

sometimes linked to psychotic symptoms

Question 2

what is a hypomanic episode?

Answer 2

milder variant of (manic episode)
4 days of elevated, expansive or irritable mood.

general impairment is far less than manic episode

Question 3

Bipolar (related) Disorders =

Answer 3

the presence of at least 1 manic episode and 1 depressive episode

change in mood is gradual - not mood swings

Question 4

epidemiology of BPD

Answer 4

Maori more likely to meet diagnostic criteria.
US - 1yr: men = 1/6%, women=1.5%

Question 5

Biological Factors for BPD & Biochemical Factors of BPD

Answer 5

significant heritability (70-90)

dopamin, serotonin and norepinephrine involvement

Question 6

Treatments for BPD

Answer 6

(not much evidence that isolation of these treatments are effective)

Biological - medications (lithium, mood stabilisers, anticonvulsants)
Psychotherapy - in conjunction w medications

Question 7

Eating Disorders…

Answer 7

• highest mortality rate of any mental health disorder, highest levels of treatment seeking, 12% meet criteria

Only mental disorders with such significant psychological and physical health consequences

Question 8

Bulimia Nervosa diagnostic feautres

Answer 8

binge-eating with lack of control, compensatory behaviour to prevent weight gain, occurs at least 1x a week in 3 months

Question 9

Associated features of bulimia

Answer 9

• individuals often within normal - overweight range
• high rates of smoking and substance abuse

Question 10

Binge Eating Disorder

Answer 10

BED does not involve compensatory behaviours

Question 11

etiology of Eating Disorders

Answer 11

multidimensional risk perspective (more factors = increase risk)

Question 12

biological factors of eating disorders

Answer 12

genetic influences
neurotransmitters: serotonin/ norepinephrine

Question 13

DSM-5 Substance-Use Disorder:

Answer 13

problematic pattern of use which impairs functioning - prolonged use

addiction is severe SUD

Question 14

Drug Classes:

Answer 14

• Depressants
• Stimulants
• Hallucinogens

weed = both depressant/ stimulant

Question 15

Etiology of SUD

Answer 15

Genetics, Brain Abnormalities (people w increased sensitive reward systems in brain = more prone to substance use)

Behavioural and Sociocultural