Biostats

Question 1

what is Attack Rate

Answer 1

Proportion of exposed people who become ill

ex: if 80 ppl in a town are exposed and 60 ppl get sick.. the attack rate is 75%

Question 2

What is a case-control study and how do you measure data within this kind of study?

Answer 2

Case-control study: retrospectively compares a group of people with disease to a group of people without disease.

Use Odds Ratio (OR)->
OR= (odds of exposure in cases)/ (odds of exposure in controls)

Question 3

case series study

Answer 3

observational study where a small group of patients with a similar diagnosis or treatment is described. There is no comparison group.
Case studies cannot establish associations between risk factors and outcomes.

Question 4

What is ascertainment bias

Answer 4

this occurs when the results of a study are distorted by awareness of treatment assignment, as in an unblind study.

Question 5

What is ecological fallacy

Answer 5

This occurs when conclusions are made about individuals based on studies where the unit of analysis is a group

Question 6

Case control study?

Answer 6

Retrospectively comparing people with the disease vs without (the control)
trying to find a risk factor in b/w the 2 groups.
Asks “what happened in the past”

ex.. Taking group of people with COPD and without and seeing what they did differently.
so.. Patients w/ COPD had higher odds or a smoking history than those without.
Testing ODDS ratio
taking the present and looking into the past