Biopyschology Flashcards
What is definition of a nervous system?
A specialised network of cells which collect, process and respond to environmental stimuli. It regulates internal bodily functions.
What is the somatic nervous system?
It’s a part the peripheral nervous system that conrils muscles movements and recievew information from sensory receptors.
Explain what the autonomic nervous system is
It governs the vital functions of the body, such as breathing, heart rate and digestion
What is the endocrine system?
A network of hormone production and control many parts throughout the body
What is a neuron?
Nerve cells which form the foundations of the many complex communication systems in the body
What is a synapse?
The gaps between neurons through which information is shared (between an axon terminal and a dendrite)
What does the central Nervous system (CNS) consist of?
The brain and the spinal cord
What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of?
Nerves
In the PNS Sytem it is split into two systems, what are they?
Autonomic and somatic
The Brain is the centre of all _______ __________
Conscious, awareness
The spinal cord is an _______ of the brain, and is responsible for ______ actions
Extension
Reflex
What is the endocrine system?
Controls vital functions in the body, very slow compared to the nervous system
What is The fight or flight response?
When a stressful event occurs, the hypothamulus in the brain triggers a ‘panic button’ in your autonomic nervous system. It’s caused the nervous system to change from a parasympathetic state to a sympathetic state
Sympathetic state (ready), what 3 things happen?
1) heart rate increases
2) breathing rate increases
3) pupil dilation increases
Parasympathetic state (chill) , what 3 things happen?
1) heart rate decreases
2) breathing rate decreases
3) pupils relax
A neuron consists what?
A soma, dendrites, axons and axon terminals
A synapse contains what?
Pre-synaptic neuron, vesicles, neurotransmitters, ligon-gated Receptors
What is a sensory neuron?
Neurons that carry messages from the PNS to the CNS
What is a relay neuron?
They connect the sensory neuron and motor neurons or other relay neurons
What is a motor neuron?
These connect the CNS with effectors such as muscles
The knee-jerk reflex is an example of a ______ arc
Reflex
A Stimulus, such as a hammer, hits the knee. This is detected with sensory organs In the ____________ _________ ________, which convey a message along a sensory neuron
prepherial nervous system
The message then reaches the _________ __________ _______, where is connects with a ______ _____, this then transfers the message to a motor neurone, which the carries the message to an effector, such as a muscle, which causes the muscle to contract and, hence, cause the knee to move or jerk
Central Nervous Sytem, relay neurone
What is excitation?
It increases the chance of a post synaptic nerve achieving its action potential by making it more positively charged
What is inhibition?
It decreases the chance of a post synaptic nerve achieving its action potential by making the neurone more negatively charged