Behaviourism

Question 1

What is behaviourism?

Answer 1

A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable

Question 2

What is a Stimulus

Answer 2

Something which causes a reaction

Question 3

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 3

Learning by association. When 2 stimuli are paired together - neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus

Question 4

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 4

A form of learning where behaviour is performed and maintained through its consequences

Question 5

What is positive reinforcement?

Answer 5

When a person receives a reward when a certain behaviour is performed

Question 6

What is negative reinforcement?

Answer 6

An avoidance of unpleasant consequences

Question 7

What is a punishment?

Answer 7

An unpleasant consequence of behaviour

Question 8

Behaviour is learnt from what?

Answer 8

The environment

Question 9

What is born as a blank slate referred to?

Answer 9

Tabula Rasa

Question 10

Behaviour is a Stimulus and a?

Answer 10

Response

Question 11

When was the Pavlov study?

Answer 11

1897

Question 12

What was the method for Pavlov study?

Answer 12

Set up a screen and a unrelated stimulus, and this set off the stimulus

Question 13

What did the dog do when he saw the food in the Pavlov study?

Answer 13

He salivated

Question 14

What was used to associate with the food?

Answer 14

A ticking metromome

Question 15

What conclusion was drawn from Pavlov study?

Answer 15

Animals can be taught things

Question 16

What evaluation was drawn from Pavlov study

Answer 16

Can be repeated, controlled variables and not subjective

Question 17

In Little Albert Research what was the Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)?

Answer 17

Loud metallic clang

Question 18

In Little Albert Research what was the unconditioned response (UCR)?

Answer 18

Fear, crying and terror

Question 19

In Little Albert Research what was the neutral stimulus?

Answer 19

The White rat

Question 20

In Little Albert Research what was the conditioned stimulus?

Answer 20

White fluffy things

Question 21

In Little Albert Research what was the Conditioned response?

Answer 21

Fear, crying and terror

Question 22

What is UCS?

Answer 22

A Stimulus that produces a reflex action

Question 23

What is UCR?

Answer 23

An innate, reflex response

Question 24

What is NS?

Answer 24

A Stimulus which does not naturally produce a response

Question 25

What is CR?

Answer 25

A learned response

Question 26

Operant conditioning was introduced by who?

Answer 26

Skinner

Question 27

Skinner placed what into a box?

Answer 27

A pigeon/rat

Question 28

What conditions were the rat or pigeon put in the experiment (skinners box)?

Answer 28

Condition 1: lever pulled =food dispensed
Condition 2: electricity passes through floor as punishment, then lever stops this as a reward.

Question 29

In both conditions what happens as a result?

Answer 29

The animal learns to pull the lever

Question 30

What conclusion was drawn from skinners box?

Answer 30

Humans can learn when they are rewarded for actions and also learn to avoid unpleasant situations

Question 31

Give one strength of behaviourism that is linked to learning

Answer 31

Behaviour can be learnt

Question 32

Operant conditioning is effective because?

Answer 32

It has been used to created token systems in prisons

Question 33

Operant conditioning is effective because Skinner used?

Answer 33

An experimental method called skinners box (operant conditioning)

Question 34

Behaviouris deterministic, what does this mean?

Answer 34

It ignores free will which humans believe we have and ignores thoughts felling and others

Question 35

Behaviouris deterministic, what does this mean?

Answer 35

It ignores free will which humans believe we have and ignores thoughts felling and others