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Meg's Psychology Paper 2 > Biopsychology - The nervous system > Flashcards

Biopsychology - The nervous system Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the human nervous system?

A

A complex network of nerve cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to different parts of the body. Helps all body parts communicate with each other.

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2
Q

What is the function of the brain?

A

The brain oversees the workings of the body, while its more advanced functions provide us with consciousness and makes us who we are.

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3
Q

What is the nervous system divided into?

A

Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system

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4
Q

What is the central nervous system divided into?

A

Spinal cord
Brain

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5
Q

What is the Peripheral nervous system divided into?

A

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system

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6
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system divided into?

A

Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system

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7
Q

What is the two main function of the CNS?

A

Controls behaviour
Controls the regulation of the body’s physiological processes

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8
Q

Where does the CNS receive info from in order to control behaviour?

A

From the sensory receptors eyes, ears, skin

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9
Q

What is the main function of the spinal cord?

A

To relay information between the brain and the rest of the body . Allows the brain to regulate bodily functions such as digestion, breathing and movement.

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10
Q

What is the spinal cord connected to?

A

Connected to different parts of the body by pairs of spinal nerves. These connect with specific muscles and glands.

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11
Q

What does the spinal cord contain which allows us to perform simple reflexes without involvement from the brain?

A

The spinal cord contains circuits of nerve cells. Simple reflexes could be pulling your hand away from something hot.

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12
Q

What happens if the spinal cord is damaged?

A

Areas supplied by spinal nerves below the damaged site will be cut off from the brain and will stop functioning.

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13
Q

What areas are the brain divided into?

A

The cerebrum
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Brain stem

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14
Q

What is the largest part of the brain?

A

The cerebrum

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15
Q

What is the frontal lobe involved in?

A

Thought and production of speech

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16
Q

What is the occipital lobe involved in?

A

Processing of visual images

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17
Q

What is the cerebrum split into?

A

Straight down the middle into two halves called cerebral hemispheres. Each hemisphere has specialised functions and the two communicated through the corpus callosum

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18
Q

Where is the cerebellum

A

Sits beneath the back of the cerebrum

19
Q

What is the cerebellum involved in?

A

Controlling a person’s motor skills and balance, coordinating the muscles to allow precise movements

20
Q

What can abnormalities in the cerebellum cause?

A

Speech and motor problems and epilepsy

21
Q

Where is the diencephalon?

A

Lies beneath the cerebrum and on top of the brain stem

22
Q

What does the diencephalon contain?

A

The thalamus and hypothalumus

23
Q

What is the function of the thalamus?

A

Acts as a relay station for nerve impulses coming from the senses, providing a route for them to follow to the part of the brain where they can be processed.

24
Q

What is the function of the hypothalumus?

A
  • Regulation of body temperature, hunger and thirst.
  • Acts as a link between the endocrine system and the nervous system
  • Controls the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.
25
Q

What is the brain stem responsible for?

A

Responsible for regulating the automatic functions that are essential for life. Breathing, heart beat, swallowing.

26
Q

What travels through the brain stem?

A

Motor and sensory neurons travel through the brain stem. This allows impulses to pass between the brain and spinal cord.

27
Q

What makes up the peripheral nervous system?

A

All the nerves outside the CNS

28
Q

What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system?

A

To relay nerve impulses from the CNS to the rest of the body and from the body back to the CNS.

29
Q

What is the somatic nervous system made up of?

A

Sensory and motor neurons

30
Q

Where do sensory neurons relay messages to?

A

CNS

31
Q

Where do motor neurons relay information from?

A

Relays information from the CNS and relays it to other areas of the body

32
Q

What type of actions does the autonomic system regulate?

A

Involuntary action such as digestion and heart beat

33
Q

What neurotransmitter does the sympathetic division use?

A

noradrenaline which has stimulating effects

34
Q

What neurotransmitter does the parasympathetic division use?

A

acteylcholine, which has inhibiting effects

35
Q

What is the sympathetic nervous system involved in?

A

Responses that help us to deal with emergencies such as increasing heart rate and blood pressure and dilating blood vessels in the muscles.

36
Q

Where do neurons from the SNS travel to?

A

Virtually every organ and gland within the body, preparing the body for the rapid action necessary when the individual is under threat.

37
Q

What function does the parasympathetic nervous system have?

A

The PNS slows the heatbeat down and reduces blood pressure. Digestion begins again under PNS influence . ‘Rest and digest’

38
Q

KT= What is the autonomic nervous system?

A

Governs the brain’s involuntary activities and is self-regulating. It is divided into the sympathetic branch and the parasympathetic branch.

39
Q

KT = Brain

A

The part of the CNS that is responsible for coordinating sensation, intellectual and nervous activity

40
Q

KT - Central nervous system

A

Made up of the brain and spinal cord, it receives information from the senses and controls the body’s responses

41
Q

KT = Peripheral nervous system

A

The part of the nervous system that is outside the brain and spinal cord

42
Q

KT = Somatic nervous system

A

The part of the peripheral nervous system responsible for carrying sensory and motor information to and from the central nervous system

43
Q

KT = Spinal cord

A

A bundle of nerve fibres enclosed within the spinal column which connects nearly all parts of the body with the brain.

Meg's Psychology Paper 2 (33 decks)

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