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my a-level classes year 12 > biopsychology > Flashcards

biopsychology Flashcards

1
Q

what is biopsychology

A

psychology that studies the brain and neurotransmitters influence our behaviours, thoughts and feelings.

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2
Q

central nervous system functions

A

all complex processing of information and decisions are made in this.

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3
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

transmits information from the CNS to the muscle and glands

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4
Q

CNS

A

brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

PNS

A

transmits info all over the body.

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6
Q

frontal lobe’s function

A

high order functions and decisions making

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7
Q

temporal lobe’s function

A

processes auditory information, is needed for speech

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8
Q

parietal lobe’s function

A

integrates information from different senses, and is used for spacial navigation.

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9
Q

occipital lobe’s function

A

processes visual information

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10
Q

where is the frontal lobe located

A

top left

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11
Q

where is the temporal lobe located

A

bottom left

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12
Q

where is the parietal lobe located

A

middle top

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13
Q

where is the occipital lobe located

A

back right

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14
Q

where is the cerebellum located

A

bottom right

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15
Q

where is the brain stem located

A

bottom

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16
Q

somatic nervous sytem

A

controls muscle movements, and relays information from the CNS to the rest of the body.

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17
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

responsible for vital functions and involuntary reactions.

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18
Q

is the SNS automatic or controlled

A

controlled

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19
Q

is the ANS automatic or controlled

A

automatic

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20
Q

where is the SNS and ANS located

A

in the PNS

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21
Q

sympathetic nervous system functions

A

involved in responses that help us to deal with emergencies, preparing for rapid action when under threat.

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22
Q

parasympathetic nervous system function’s

A

relaxes the body after the information has passed.

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23
Q

what kind of effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce

A

stimulating effects

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24
Q

what kind of effects does the parasympathetic produce

A

inhibiting effects

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25
Q

what dies the sympathetic and parasympathetic system come under

A

autonomic nervous system

26
Q

what is the structure of the sensory neuron

A

long dendrites
short axons

27
Q

what is the structure of a relay neuron

A

short dendrites
short axons

28
Q

what is the structure of a motor neuron

A

short dendrites
long axons

29
Q

what is the function of the sensory neuron

A

conduct impulse to the spinal cord

30
Q

what are reflex arcs

A

reflexes are to protect us from danger, they’re very fast to protect us.

31
Q

what is the function of the axon

A

carries impulses away from the cell body

32
Q

what is the purpose of the myelin sheath

A

to increase the speed at which impulses propagate

33
Q

what is another name for nerve impulses

A

action potential

34
Q

what is the synapse

A

a very small gap between neurons, which is done using chemicals

35
Q

what is the name of chemicals that diffuse across the synapse

A

neurotransmitters

36
Q

what is the first step in transmitting signals

A

electrical impulse travels along the axon

37
Q

what is the second step of transmitting signals

A

the pre-synaptic neuron releases neurotransmitters

38
Q

what is the third step of transmitting signals

A

chemicals diffuse across the synapse and bind with receptors on the next neuron

39
Q

what is the fourth step of transmitting signals

A

neurons bind wit hspecific receptors, which stimulates the next neuron to transmit an electrical impulse

40
Q

what is the fifth step of transmitting signals

A

after the neuron had transmitted, the neurotransmitter is reabsorbed in the re-uptake of the original neuron.

41
Q

examples of neurotransmitters

A

serotonin
dopamine

42
Q

what is the function of the inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

they decrease the likelihood of the neuron firing to the second one, as the first neuron becomes negatively charged.

43
Q

what is the function of the exhibitory neurotransmitters

A

they increase the likelihood of the neuron firing as they excite the previous neuron making it positively charged.

44
Q

pituitary gland function

A

controls the rest of the glands and release of hormones from all the other endocrine glands

45
Q

function of the adrenal gland

A

releases adrenaline for the fight-or-flight response

46
Q

function of the testes

A

release testosterone

47
Q

function of ovaries

A

releases oestrogen and progesterone

48
Q

what is the function of hormones

A

regulate bodily systems for critical functioning, which affects our behaviour.

49
Q

what are the adrenal glands composed of

A

adrenal cortex
adrenal medulla

50
Q

what does the adrenal cortex release

A

hormones necessary for life

51
Q

what does the adrenal medulla release

A

hormones not necessary for life

52
Q

what is the flight or fight response

A

where we are threatened by immediate and serious danger the nervous system and endocrine system works together.

53
Q

what is the amygdala functions

A

associates sensory signals wit emotions, and sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus

54
Q

what does the hypothalamus’s function

A

an area of the brain that produces hormones such as heart rate, hunger etc.

55
Q

what is acute stress

A

the body’s immediate reaction to stress (fight or flight)

56
Q

what is chronic stress

A

the brain continues to perceive something as threatening, as the initial surge of adrenaline subsides and the HPA axis activates.

57
Q

what is the HPA axis

A

Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal glands stress response system.

58
Q

what is the feedback system

A

the hypothalamus and pituitary glands monitor cortisol levels and regulate them.

59
Q

what did tally et al (2000) say about the fight or flight response

A

women have a tend and befriend response, whereas men fight or flight

60
Q

what did gray (1988) state

A

our first confrontation to threat is the freeze response

my a-level classes year 12 (17 decks)

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