Biophysics Flashcards
Scalar quantity
– a physical quantity described by a single number eg. time, temperature, mass, density, electric charge.
Vector quantity
Vector quantity– a physical quantity described by both magnitude and direction eg. the motion of an aeroplane, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, force.
Is distance a vector or a scalar
Scalar
What is displacement and is it a vector or a scalar
Displacement represents a change in position (between start and finish points in a defined interval). It is a VECTOR
what is the unit of measure for displacement?
metres
Is a average velocity a vector or a scalar?
Vector
Is average speed a vector or a scalar?
Scalar
What is Velocity
Velocity is the rate at which displacement changes
What is Acceleration
Acceleration is the rate at which velocity
Uniform acceleration
If the acceleration is constant then velocitytime graph is a straight line. (The velocity changes consistently with time).
What dose GPS stand for??
= Global Positioning System, is an
Sources of error in GNSS
Satellite clocks and orbit errors – ie the satelites aren’t exactly where we think they are and their clocks are out of sync with the receivers. • Ionospheric and tropospheric delays – the signal travels slower than we think • Receiver’s environment – (multipath- signal bounces off objects on way to receiver hence path isn’t a straight line • Satellite constellation – Even when you get the range right, the small angles between satellites increases the error of the position fix.
What are Conductors and an example of it?
Conductors allow flow of charge (electrons) easily (eg metals)
What are Insulators and an example of it?
Insulators do not allow flow of charge • (eg glass, wood)
Ohm’s Law
• Predicts the relationship between voltage, current and resistance across a segment
What is peak to peak
what is ampiltude
what is a peoird
What are Wavelength and Amplitude
What are Transverse wave
Transverse wave – particles oscillate at right angles to direction of waves
What are Longitudinal wave? and an exmaple
•Longitudinal wave - particles oscillate along the direction of the waves
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Scientific notation is used to render a large or small number into a form that is readily manageable in calculations. The mass of a particular boulder is 148,321 kg. Written in scientific notation, this mass is (a) 148.321 kg
(b) 1.48 kg
(c) 1.48 x 10-5 kg
(d) 1.48 x 105 kg
(d) 1.48 x 105 kg
Which of the following is a vector ?
(a) mass
(b) time
(c) velocity
(d) speed
(c) velocity
A person fires a rifle at a nearby target but completely misses. At the same time a person standing beside the shooter, drops a similar projectile at the same instant the rifle is fired, and from the same height at which the rifle is positioned. The fired projectile should hit the ground in the distance
(a) at the same time as the projectile dropped by the nearby observer
(b) in half the time it takes for the dropped projectile to hit the ground
(c) in twice the time it takes for the dropped projectile to hit the ground
(d) none of the above.
(a) at the same time as the projectile dropped by the nearby observer
Electric current is
(a) the flow of electric charge
(b) the presence of static (stationary) electric charge
(c) the absence of electric charge
(d) the resistance of an object to the flow of electric charge.
(a) the flow of electric charge
Select the correct set of information
(a) Electric current is measured in Volts, Potential Difference in Amperes and Resistance in Ohms
(b) Electric current measured in Amperes, Potential Difference in Volts and Resistance in Ohms
(c) Electric current measured in Amperes, Potential Difference in Ohms and Resistance in Volts
(d) Electric current measured in Ohms, Potential Difference in Volts and Resistance in Amperes
(b) Electric current measured in Amperes, Potential Difference in Volts and Resistance in Ohms
Select the correct set of information
(a) An ammeter is connected in parallel with the conductor you are trying to test.
(b) A voltmeter is connected in series with the component you are trying to test the potential difference across.
(c) A voltmeter has a large internal resistance to limit the current flowing out from the circuit you are trying to test into the meter itself.
(d) In order to test the electrical resistance of a component, it is ok to leave the component connected, in-situ, in the circuit.
(c) A voltmeter has a large internal resistance to limit the current flowing out from the circuit you are trying to test into the meter itself.
Consider three sources of electrical power
i. Battery,
ii. Solar, and
iii. Mains power.
Which of the following combinations is correct
(a) i and ii are both dc
(b) i and iii are both ac
(c) ii and iii are both ac
(d) i and ii are both ac.
(a) i and ii are both dc
Which examples below DOES NOT involve a transverse wave ?
(a) Surfing
(b) the sound of a distant voice
(c) the heat from a nearby fire
(d) the light from a spotlight
(b) the sound of a distant voice
Which of the following combination of characteristics is TRUE in relation to sound waves
(a) Sound waves are longitudinal waves and can travel through a vacuum
(b) The frequency of sound relates to its pitch and amplitude relates to its ‘loudness‘
(c) The speed of sound in air is 3 x 10 8 m s-1 and sound waves can be easily overtaken by fast-moving aircraft
(d) Sound waves travel slower in water than air and their speed does not change with changing temperature
(b) The frequency of sound relates to its pitch and amplitude relates to its ‘loudness‘
Which of the following statements is FALSE
(a) Light waves travel in a straight line but can bend when travelling through a change in refractive index
(b) The refractive index of a medium is determined by comparing the speed of light in it with that in a vacuum
(c) Light travels faster in an optically dense medium (for example glass) compared to a vacuum
(d) The index of refraction of materials is wavelengthdependent and results in the splitting of light into its component wavelengths as when it passes through a glass prism
(c) Light travels faster in an optically dense medium (for example glass) compared to a vacuum
Light of a particular colour has a specific wavelength, and frequency. For light of a frequency 5.46 x 1014 Hz, which option below is the correct one.
(a) Wavelength 480 x 10-9 m, colour blue
(b) Wavelength 550 x 10-9 m, colour green
(c) Wavelength 550 x 10-9 m, colour orange
(d) Wavelength 480 x 10-9 m, colour green
(b) Wavelength 550 x 10-9 m, colour green
Light of wavelength 650 nm is coloured
(a) Violet
(b) Blue
(c) Green
(d) red
(d) red
