Biomolecules Flashcards
What are bio-molecules and and what are the five major class of bio-molecules?
Molecules relevant to living systems Proteins Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates Lipids
Polymers of Amino Acids
Proteins
Functions of Proteins
Signaling receptors structural motility immune system enzymes
Store and transfer genetic material
nucleic acid
What is the basic unit of a nucleic acid
nucleotide
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
Phosphoryl group (s)
Five Carbon Sugar
Base (Nitrogen base)
What are the two types of nucleic acids with 5-carbon sugars?
RNA -Ribose (with OH group)
DNA - Deoxyribose (OH group replaced with H)
Two types of general bases for nucleic acids
Pyrimidines (CUT)
Purines (AG - Silver)
What are the three types of Pyrimidines?
Cytosine
Uracil
Tyrosine
What are the two types of Purines?
Adenine
Guanine
What are the five major functions of lipids?
Amphipathic Forms Barriers Source of Energy/Storage Cell Signaling Protein Modifications
What is Amphipathic?
Having both hydrophobic(non-polar) and hydrophillic (polar) regions. Lipid bilayers usually have the hydrophobic region on the inside and hydrophillic regions on the outside.
What are the three major functions of carbohydrates?
Source of energy/storage
Cell Recognition
Protein Modifications
Adenine
Two rings
primary amino group on larger ring
Guanine
Two rings
carbonyl group on larger ring
