Biomechanics Flashcards
The 4 Types of Motion
- Linear Motion
- Angular Motion
- General Motion
- Projectile Motion
What 4 things influence motion?
- Mass
- Weight
- Inertia
- Force
Moment of inertia and how it affects sporting skills
Moment of inertia refers to an object’s resistance to changes in its rotational motion. In sporting skills, it affects performance by influencing how easily an athlete can rotate their body or equipment.
lower inertia helps athletes spin or swing faster
What is biomechanics and what is it used for
Biomechanics is the study of human movement. Biomechanics is about how bodies move and work with their environment
It helps in sports to improve performance and prevent injuries
Newton’s 3 Laws
First Law (Law of Inertia)
Second Law (Law of Acceleration)
Third Law (Action-Reaction)
Why does the body rely on levers?
( The body relies on levers to efficiently produce movement and generate force)
- The body uses levers to make it easier to move and lift things.
- Levers help muscles push or pull harder
- they also help us move our arms and legs in different directions.
What are the 3 different types? Be able to explain them and provide an example
First-class lever: The lever is between the (force) and the load ( resistance). Example: seesaw.
Second-class lever: The load ( resistance) is between the axis and the effort (force). Example: wheelbarrow.
Third-class lever: The effort (force) is between the axis and the load ( resistance)—example: tweezers.
What is the principle of leverage? Give 2 examples
The principle of leverage states that a small force applied over a long distance can move a larger load over a shorter distance.
Using a crowbar to lift a rock: Pushing down on the long end of the crowbar helps lift the rock with less effort.
Opening a bottle with a bottle opener: Pulling up on the bottle opener’s handle helps pop off the cap with less force.
Linear Motion and Eg.
( straight line )
Linear Motion is motion along a straight line where all parts of
the object travel:
- the same distance,
- in the same direction,
- in the same time.
Eg. downhill skier holding a
fixed position.
hands on the handlebars of a bike.
Skydiver free falling.
Angular Motion and Eg
( rotation around an axis )
ANGULAR MOTION or ROTATION
occurs when an athlete or object
rotates around an axis.
ALL the body parts move through the
same angle, in the same direction , in
the same time.
Examples:
* gymnastics somersault.
- spinning ball.
- dancer performing a pirouette
General Motion and Eg.
( combination of linear & angular )
GENERAL MOTION is a combination of linear motion and
angular motion. It is present in most sporting activities.
Example :
Running in a straight line
*arms and legs rotate
Projectile Motion and Eg.
( flight of airborne objects )
Projectile motion is the path an object takes when launched into the air, affected by gravity. Example: Throwing a ball upward, it arcs and falls back due to gravity.
MASS - being one of the factors that influence motion concept .
Mass: Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
It’s a measure of how much “stuff” there is. Mass is often measured in kilograms (kg).
INERTIA – being one of the factors that influence motion.
Inertia is an object’s resistance to changes in its motion. The more mass an object has, the more inertia it has. It’s like how heavy things are harder to push or stop.
WEIGHT being one of the factors that influence motion concept .
subject to the gravitational pull on an object due to it having mass.
Weight is the force of gravity pulling on an object. It’s the mass of an object multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity.
