Biomarkers

Question 1

Catecholamines
- measured in what?
- _ usage needed
- levels in blood (do/don’t) represent tissue specific levels
- methods

Answer 1

Urine and Feces
Catheder
Don’t
HPLC, MS, LC, ELISA

Question 2

GCs
widely or not widely used
stable or unstable
influenced by _ _ (_ importance)
increase or decrease with age
Barrows _ Glits
_ at parturition
measure total cortisol in blood as biomarker for what?
measure free bioactive cortisol in saliva as biomarker for what?
measure free bioactive cortisol in hair and feces for what?
circulating does/doesn’t equal tissue specific levels?
Costly?
RIA or ELISA more sensitive

Answer 2

Widely
Stable
Circadian Rhythm, Protocol
Decrease
>
Increases
Acute Stress
Acute Stress
Chronic Stress
doesn’t
Yes
RIA

Question 3

ACTH
_ and _ differences
Circulating does/doesn’t equal tissue specific levels?
measure total ACTH in blood as biomarker for what?
methods?

Answer 3

Gender, Age
Doesn’t
Acute Stress
ELISA, RIA

Question 4

Direct Biomarkers

Answer 4

Catecholamines
GCs
ACTH

Question 5

Indirect Biomarkers

Answer 5

Chromogranin A
BP
HR

Question 6

Chromogranin A
secreted with _ and _ from anterior pituitary corticotroph cells
_ stable than EPI and NEPI
Correlates well with with increased sympathetic tone
Not influenced by _, _ or _
Used as _ stress biomarker in pigs

Answer 6

NEPI, EPI
More
Age, Gender, Circadian Rhythm
Acute

Question 7

BP
needs _ _
or can use _ over metacarpal artery
however this requires _

Answer 7

Invasive catheter
Cuff, Anestice