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Biology > Biology Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Biology Quiz 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What type of tissue is blood?

A

connective

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2
Q

Blood contains how many main categories of cells?

A

3

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3
Q

What are the three main categories of cells in blood?

A

Red blood cells
neutrophils
lymphocytes

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4
Q

What is another name for red blood cells?

A

Erythrocytes

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5
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

Gas transport

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6
Q

In gas transport, oxygen gas is transported by what protein?

A

Hemoglobin

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7
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

An IRON-containing protein that makes up over 90% of the non-water weight of RBC

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8
Q

What is Anemia?

A

a disease caused by low levels of RBCs or hemoglobin

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9
Q

What is the result/effect of anemia?

A

reduced delivery of O2 to body tissues

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10
Q

What are some features of Red Blood Cells?

A

no nucleus

may have “inner tube” shape under EM

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11
Q

What is the most abundant white blood cell?

A

Neutrophil

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12
Q

What is a neutrophil?

A

a type of white blood cell

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13
Q

What is the neutrophil’s function?

A

to migrate to a site of infection and phagocytose microorganisms such as bacteria

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14
Q

What do neutrophils contain that aid in its function?

A

granules (lysosomes) in the cytoplasm

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15
Q

What are lysosomes used for?

A

to kill and degrade engulfed bacteria

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16
Q

What is a feature of the neutrophil seen under the light microscope?

A

lobed-nucleus

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17
Q

What is a feature of the neutrophil under the electron microscope?

A

dense granules, plasma membrane extensions used in phagocytosis

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18
Q

What is the 2nd most abundant category of White Blood cells?

A

lymphocyte

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19
Q

What is the function of a lymphocyte?

A

produce antibodies that bind foreign particles during immune response
-kill infected cells

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20
Q

What is the role of T-cells (lymphocyte)

A

kill infected cells

21
Q

What is the role of B cells (lymphocyte)

A

produce antibodies that bind foreign particles during immune response

22
Q

What are some features of lymphocytes?

A

Non-granular cytolasm (no lysozomes)

Large round nucleus

23
Q

What is lymphoma (including leukemia)?

A

uncontrolled growth of lymphocytes

24
Q

Although it doesn’t really connect much, what is adipose tissue technically?

A

connective

25
Q

Adipose comprises what percentage of total body mass in avg. human?

A

15%

26
Q

Adipose is also the largest what in the body?

A

reservoir of energy

27
Q

What is adipose’s function?

A

insulation and protection

  • surrounds heart, kidney, adrenal glands
  • found just under the skin
28
Q

What is the range under the dermis (skin) called? (this is the adipose)

A

hypodermis

29
Q

What are the cells that make up adipose tissue called?

A

adipocytes

30
Q

Adipocytes are challenged in what two things?

A

cytoplasm and organelle

31
Q

What are adipocytes mainly comprised of?

A

lipid (large droplets)

32
Q

What are excess fatty acids stored as?

A

triglycerides or tracylglycerol

33
Q

What is the function of adipocytes?

A

secrete hormones that regulate appetite

34
Q

What are the four main body tissues?

A

muscle
connective
epithelial
neurons

35
Q

What are the three sub-sections of muscle tissue?

A

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

36
Q

What are the three sub-sections of connective tissue?

A

fibroblasts, blood, adipose

37
Q

In body tubes, where are epithelial cells found

A

lining the lumen

38
Q

What are some general characteristics of epithelial tissue?

A

lots of cells, NO extracellular material or space, held together by tight juctions

39
Q

What is the function of epithelial tissue?

A

forms lining of body tubes, protection :skin, absoptive

40
Q

Where is epithelial tissue found?

A

inner lining of body tubes, outer layers of skin

41
Q

What are the two things that aid in classification of epithelial tissue?

A

Number of layers

Cell shape

42
Q

If epithelial tissue has 1 layer of cells (lining lumen) what is it called?

A

simple

43
Q

If epithelial tissue has morethan one layer of cells what is it called? (ex skin)

A

stratified

44
Q

What is it called if epithelial cell has a flattened shape?

A

squamous

45
Q

What is it called if epithelial cell has a cube shape?

A

cuboidal

46
Q

What is it called if epithelial cell has a tall shape?

A

columnar

47
Q

What is the epididymus?

A

sperm matures and is stored

48
Q

In blood what are the two main components?

A

55% plasma

45% formed elements

49
Q

What are them main formed elements in blood?

A

platelets
WBC
RBC

Biology (6 decks)

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