Biology - Plant system Flashcards
Do plants create their own food? How?
Yes, due to photosynthesis
3 functions plants perform
- Gas exchange with surroundings
- Internal transportation system to move water & nutrients
- A method of reproduction
2 main body systems
- Root System
- Shoot system
Where is the root system in a plant?
Consists of organs that grow below the ground
Can root system part be exposed to air (aerial)?
Yes
3 things the root system is responsible for:
- Anchoring the plant to the ground
- Absorption of water/minerals from the soil
- storage of food (glucose) ex. root vegetables
where do the parts of a shoot system grow?
Above the surface
2 things the shoot system is responsible for
- Photosynthesis
- Flower production for reproductive purposes
3 parts the shoot system is composed of
- Leaf
- Flower
- Stem
Leaves: In what organelle does photosynthesis occur in?
Chloroplasts
What do chloroplasts in leaves do?
They absorb light energy (sunlight)
Photosynthesis (food) formula:
light energy + CO2 + water -> oxygen + glucose
3 functions leaves include
- support
- protection
- reproduction & attraction
Why does a plant put energy into producing a flower?
Reproduction
what part of the shoot system includes male and female structures?
Flowers
Is pistol a male or female reproductive system? what does it contain of?
Female. Made up of Stigma, style and ovary
How does the female reproductive system work?
Once the egg/ovule has been pollinated it becomes a seed inside the protective of the fruit
Is stamen a male or female reproductive system? what does it contain of?
Male. Made up of Anther and Filament where the pollen is produced
What provides a way to transport materials to and from the roots, leaves, flowers, and fruit?
Stem
What do stems store? example
Glucose / water
example:
cacti holds water in their stems during droughts
3 types of tissues in plants
- dermal
- vascular
- Ground
what is a dermal tissue?
The outermost layer of cells that covers and protects the plant; barrier and prevents from water loss
what is a vascular tissue?
transports water, nutrients, and other chemicals throughout the plant
What are the 2 types of vascular tissues?
Xylem & Phloem
what does xylem do?
conducts water and dissolved minerals UPWARD from the roots to the rest of the plant.
what does phloem do?
- Transports sugars and other organic molecules produced during photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plants
- Two-way flow
What is it called when all the tissues between dermal and vascular, compose another tissue?
Ground tissue
what does the ground tissue store: In roots
Storage of carbohydrates
Where is storage and support provided in ground tissue?
Stems
What type of cell does a plant have that can differentiate into specialized TISSUES?
Meristematic Cells
What will meristematic cells in a plant do?
Continue to divide throughout the life of the plant
Which 2 spots are meristematic cells located in?
- Apical meristem - located at the tip of shoots and roots allowing a plant to grow LONGER
- Lateral meristem - located in the stem & roots allowing a plant to grow WIDER
Why’s a leaf’s surface a waxy cuticle?
To prevent water loss
What cells create openings in a leaf’s cuticle?
Guard Cells
What is the motive of a guard cell?
creating openings that allows carbon dioxide to enter the leaf for use in photosynthesis
What are the openings in the leaf called?
Stomata
Where is the stomata located to prevent water loss?
They are located on the underside of leaves to reduce water loss through evaporation; allowing the upper surface to be used for photosynthesis
