Biology: Medical Technologies

Question 1

MRI

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for (4)
3. How to read results?

Answer 1

1. Computer producing images of tissues (muscles/organs)
2. Conditions: Tumours, Brain disorders, spinal cord, eye
3. Color contrast

Question 2

CT scan

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 2

1. X-rays to produce image of inside the body
2. Brain Injuries or used to diagnose issues in organs (pancreas, liver, intestines, & kidneys)
3. Change in colour of an organ indicates abnormality

Question 3

PET

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 3

1. Uses a radioactive drug (tracer) to show typical & atypical metabolic activity
2. Organs/tissues, blood in mucous, cancer, brain & heart disorders
3. Abnormality shown by high SUV numbers and compare it to your medical history

Question 4

X-ray

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 4

1. Pushes radiation through the patient; high amounts of radiation
2. Examine bones, joints, tissue problems, fractures
3. different shades of black and white

Question 5

Ultrasound

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 5

1. High frequency sound waves / echos
2. development of baby in the womb / screening for diseases affecting internal parts of the body
3. Compare to a healthy person’s image (shape, size, placement of organs, blood vessel, tissue density)

Question 6

Angiogram

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 6

1. Type of x-ray used to check blood vessels that a normal x-ray wouldn’t show
2. Health of blood vessels, blood flow, shortness of breath, fatigue, back/chest pain
3. Blocks in arteries/high blood pressure

Question 7

ECG

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 7

1. Electrodes record electrical activity created by heart beats
2. Heart conditions, abnormal heart rhythm, coronary heart disease
3. Measure distance between R waves to indicate regular/irregular rhythm

Question 8

Fluoroscopy

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 8

1. Live video of continuous x-rays that pass through body
2. Heart/intestinal disease, look inside organs/joints/muscles/bones, impact surgeries
3. TV monitor displays a live x-ray video

Question 9

Colonoscopy

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 9

1. Is inserted through anus -> rectum -> colon
2. Lining of your colon / rectum, look for abnormalities in tissues/polyps, cancer
3. result is positive if the the tube detects abnormalities in colon

Question 10

Upper Endoscopy

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 10

1. Tube with a light/camera on the end that enters through your mouth -> throat -> esophagus -> stomach -> small intestine
2. Problems in upper digestive system, trouble swallowing, heartburn, vommiting quickly, feeling full
3. camera on the endoscope projects an image on a screen to look for health issues (scars)

Question 11

Urinalysis

1. How does it work?
2. Conditions it is used for
3. How to read results?

Answer 11

1. Dipstick / plastic stick with strips of chemicals on it; change in colour signifies disease/infection
2. Kidney disease, diabetes, liver disease
3. Look at the colour change on the strip comparing it with colour table