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Psych > biology & pharm (1) > Flashcards

biology & pharm (1) Flashcards

1
Q

what part of the brain is responsible for intellect and personality

A

frontal lobe

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2
Q

what is the junction between neurons

A

synapses

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3
Q

what is the small space between 2 neurons

A

synaptic cleft

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4
Q

what conducts impulses toward the synapse

A

presynaptic neurons

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5
Q

what conducts impulses away from the synapse

A

postsynaptic neurons

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6
Q

what binds with receptor sites on postsynaptic neuron to determine if another impulse will be generated

A

neurotransmitter

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7
Q

agonist vs. antagonist neurotransmitters

A

agonist is like a key inserted and turned to activate a response. an antagonist is like a key sitting and taking up space or “blocking” a response

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8
Q

what happens after a neurotransmitter is “used”

A

it is either INACTIVATED or returned to vesicles to be stored and used again (REUPTAKE)

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9
Q

what holds the neurotransmitter

A

a vesicle (like a mom and baby)

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10
Q

what stops the neurotransmitter from going back to the vesicle

A

re-uptake blocker

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11
Q

what makes more neurotransmitters to go back to vesicles

A

reuptake enhancer

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12
Q

what is an example of an antagonist

A

narcan, it blocks to that no more can enter

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13
Q

what is our cholinergic example

A

acetylcholine

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14
Q

what neurotransmitter is responsible for memory and big movement

A

acetylcholine

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15
Q

what can increased levels of acetylcholine cause

A

depression

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16
Q

what can decreased levels of acetylcholine cause

A

alzheimers

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17
Q

what class in norepinephrine in

A

monoamines

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18
Q

which neurotransmitter is responsible for fight/flight/freeze?

A

norepinephrine

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19
Q

what can decreased levels of norepinephrine cause?

A

memory loss, social withdraw, depression

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20
Q

what can increased levels of norepinephrine cause?

A

mania, schizophrenia, anxiety

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21
Q

what class is dopamine in

A

monoamines

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22
Q

what are actions that could occur with low dopamine

A

gambling, substances, depression

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23
Q

which neurotransmitter is implication in schizophrenia/mania in high levels

A

dopamine

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24
Q

what class is serotonin in

A

monoamines

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25
Q

what is the type of serotonin we look at

A

5-HT

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26
Q

which neurotransmitter is responsible for mood, aggression, appetite, libido, sleep, arousal, pain, suicidal ideation, judgement, coordination

A

serotonin

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27
Q

what class is histamine in

A

monoamines

28
Q

which neurotransmitter is responsible for allergic and inflammatory reactions

29
Q

what category is GABA in

A

amino acid

30
Q

what does GABA do?

A

calms brain down

31
Q

what can decreased GABA levels cause?

A

anxiety / mania

32
Q

what category is glutamate in

A

amino acid

33
Q

what is another name for glutamate?

34
Q

which neurotransmitter is responsible for the working memory?

A

glutamate (NMDA)

35
Q

what can prolonged increased levels of glutamate cause?

A

neurotoxic -> alzheimers

36
Q

what can decreased glutamate cause?

A

schizophrenia / psychosis

37
Q

what can endorphins and enkalphine possibly be linked to

A

schizophrenia

38
Q

what does increased substance P cause

39
Q

what do decreased levels of substance P cause?

A

depression

40
Q

which neurotransmitter is growth hormone

A

somatostatin

41
Q

what does somatostatin initiate the release of?

A

dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine

42
Q

what does somatostatin inhibit the release of?

A

norepinephrine, histamine, glutamate

43
Q

what can decreased somatostatin lead to?

A

alzheimers

44
Q

which kind of med stops neurotransmitters from going to vesicles

A

reuptake inhibitor

45
Q

describe the action of SSRIs

A

inhibit serotonin from going back to cesicle, makes serotonin available at the synaptic cleft

46
Q

example of an SSRI

47
Q

how do serotonin dopamine antagonists (SDAs) work

A

takes up space in dopamine receptor

48
Q

how do SNRIs work

A

more serotonin/norepinephrine available @ synapse

49
Q

example serotonin dopamine antagonist

50
Q

example SNRI

A

cymbalta, pristiq

51
Q

example dopamine reuptake inhibitor

52
Q

what do vasopressin/ADH from the pituitary gland cause

A

alteration in secretion -> ploydipsia (schizo)

53
Q

what from the pituitary gland is released in response to stress

54
Q

relationship between cortisol and immunity

A

increased cortisol means decreased immunity

55
Q

what can growth hormone be linked to (makes no sense)

A

anorexia nervosa

56
Q

dysfunction of what hormone affects behavior

A

thyroid stimulating hormone

57
Q

hyper thyroid sx

A

insomnia, irritability, anxiety, restless, weight loss, labile-delirium, psychosis

58
Q

hypo thyroid sx

A

fatigue, decreased libido, memory impairment, depression, SI

59
Q

describe epigenetics

A

environmental factors / choices can change the health of the person AND their descendants

60
Q

describe pharmacogenetics

A

genetic variation can lead to drug tolerability / responses

61
Q

what test analyzes genes that affect response to antidepressants, antipsychotics, ADHD and pain meds

A

GeneSight Psychotropic

62
Q

components of a SPECT scan

A

PET scan + CSF testing

63
Q

what kind of test is a polysomnography

64
Q

what is the concept of psychoimmunology?

A

more susceptible to physcial illness following exposure to stress/life event

65
Q

what are fundamental beliefs we screen info with?

Psych (19 decks)

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