anxiety (1) Flashcards
what is the most common mental health disorder?
anxiety
what kinf of anxiety can be good?
mild anxiety
what kind of anxiety is from tensions of day/day living, incresed alertness, wide perception
mild anxiety
what kind if anxiety focuses on only immediate concerns, narrows perception, has SELECTIVE INATTENTION, and physical symptoms begin
moderate anxiety
what kind of anxiety is where someone can only focus on one specific detail and nothing else, attentione xtremely limited, cannot think
severe anxiety
which level of anxiety includes fight/flight/freeze
-person is unable to communicate/function, no learning comprehension
panic
what is the INVOLUNTARY exclusion of a painful or conflictual thought, impulse, or memory from awareness. it is the primary ego defense, and other mechanisms tend to reinforce it
repression
what is the CONSCIOUS and intentional exclusion of materials from the consciousness
suppression
can suppression lead to repression?
yes
when is anxiety pathologic? (3 things)
-interferes with life
-it is out of proportion to the situation
-it interferes with social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
which gender does anxiety occur more in?
women
what are the common types of anxiety commonly seen in children
separation anxiety and OCD
does anxiety cluster in afmilies?
yes
which neurotransmitter plays a big role in anxiety (and is it high or low in anxiety)
GABA, low in anxiety
whichparts of the brain play a part in anxiety
amygdala, limbic system, hippocampus
which part of the brain is memory related to fear?
hippocampus
which theorist says that anxiety comes from unconscious childhood conflicts that are repressed and an unsatisfactory parent/child relationship
freud (psychodynamic)
which theorist says that anxiety comes from when early needs go unmet, and that anxiety exoerienced early in life is then a model for anxiety experienced later when unpleasant events occur
sullivan (interpersonal)
which kind if risk factor consists of faulty, distorted, or counterproductive thinking and perceiving
cognitive
which kind if risk factor is a learned response that can be unlearned
-a conditioned response to a tragic event
-anxiety is “contagious”
behavioral - learning
risk factors for separation anxiety
-significant loss (death)
-change in environment
-physical/sexual assault
-genetic link
why are panic attacks unpredictable
they do not occur immediately before/after exposure
how many symptoms must be present to classify it as a panic attack
4
name some examples of a panic attack
palpitations, sweating, tremors, SOB, choking sensation, CP, dizzy, paresthesias, chills/hot, derealization/depersonalization, fear of dying, fear of losing cointrol
what disorder is classified by recurrent/unexpected episodes of panic attacks, followed by 1 month or more of fear/concern of another attack and changing behavior
panic disorder
what are persistent, irrational fears caused by presence or anticipation of a specific object, activity, or situation
specific phobias
what is fear of being in places or situations where escape might be difficult (or embarasssing) or help may nit be available.
-they fear leaving home
-common with panic attacks
agoraphobia
what is severe fear/anxiety when exposed to social or performance situations - could be evaluated negatively by others
social anxiety disorder / social phobia
what are the subtypes of phobias (5)
-animal type
-natural environemnt type
-blood injection type
-situation type
-other
what disorder is chronic, unrealistic, excessive anxiety and worry - out of proportion
generalized anxiety disorder
duration of generalized anxiety disorder
occurs more days than not, lasts for 6 months or longer
what are unwanted, recurrent, intrusive, and oersistent ideas, thoughts, impulses
obsessions
what are unwanted repetitive ritualistic behavior patterns or mental acts that are performed repeatedly
compulsions
how long do obsessions/compulsions last ina day
more than an hour daily
what are commo obsessions in ocd
contamination, harm to self/others, symmetry urges
what are common compulsions in ocd
washing/cleaning, repeating, checking, touching, counting, ordering/arranging
what is PANDAS?
Pediatric
Autoimmune
Neuropsychiatric
Disorders
Associated with
Streptococcal infections
what is recurrent pulling of one’s hair that results in hair loss
trichotillomania
what is the secret swallowing of pulled hair
trichophagia
what are masses of digested hair
rapunzel syndrome
what is a skin picking disorder
excoriation disorder/dermatillomania
is pain felt in dermatillomania?
no
persistent difficulty discarding/parting with possessions regardless of actual value
hoarding disorder
treatment for hoarding
therapy and SSRIS
what is an exaggerated belief that body is deformed or defective in some specific way
body dysmorphic disorder
what is at high risk with body dysmorphic disorder
suicide
what is a common anxiety rating scale
hamilon anxiety rating scale (HAM-A)
describe what HAM-A scores mean
<17 = mild
18-24 = mild-mod
25-30 = mod-severe
what is when one transferes emotions to another
displacement
what is making up for a past act
undoing
example is fear of flying
which therapist intervention for anxiety involves showing pictures, teaching coping, watching videos, going to an airport, playing games
slowly exposes client to fear
systematic desensitization
which intervention for phobias involves not leaving the session until the phobia is gone
flodding
what are the 2 therapy treatments for OCD
-exposure and response prevention and CBT
which therapy for OCD is when feared objects, activities, or situations are ranked according to difficulty
exposure and response prevention
what new treatment for OCD can successfully treat symptoms by disrupting the abnormal patterns of barin activity
deep brain stimulation
which therapy for trichotillomania is awareness training, recognizes urges, thoughts, or sensations that precede bahavior
habit reversal therapy
which drugs are 1st line for antianxiety treatment
antidepressants (SSRI and SNRI)
which drugs help with the somatic manifestations of anxiety
noradrenergic agents (beta blockers and alpha 2 receptor agonists)
propranolol, clonidine
what do anxiolyticsinhibit fir a calming effect
GABA
contraindication os anxiolytics (xanax)
no other CNS depressants
no pregnancy
caution in elderly, hepatic, and renal
do not use in those with hx of abuse
side effects of benzodiazepines for anxiety
drowsiness, confusion, ataxia, “hangover effect”, dry mouth, nausea
what is important to remember about continuation/discontinuation of benzos for anxiety
need to wean off!
example benzo used for anxiety
xanax
which antianxiety does not depress CNS and has no abuse potential
nonbenzodiazepine - buspirone
which anti anxiety meds are used for short term sleep aid for only a few days or weeks
sedative-hypnotic agents
do sedative-hypnotic meds cause withdraw symptoms
