Biology (Day 18; Cellular Respiration) Flashcards
Understand the lesson
Cellular respiration
the process by which organisms break down glucose into a form that the cell can use as energy
Where does cellular respiration occur?
mitochondria
Aerobic and anaerobic
aerobic: a process that uses oxygen; anaerobic: process that doesn’t use oxygen
Fermentation
an anaerobic pathway for breaking down glucose if there isn’t enough oxygen to undergo the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
Is the following process possible? A yeast cell undergoes glycolysis. It continues on to the Krebs Cycle. However, after the Krebs cycle, the yeast cell does not have enough oxygen to conduct oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the yeast cell conducts ethanol fermentation.
No, because a cell undergoing cellular respiration can only conduct fermentation after glycolysis.
products and reactants of cellular respiration
products – glucose and oxygen; reactants – carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
Lactic acid fermentation (what cells undergo them and what are the consequences of them)
muscles cells undergo lactic acid fermentation; however, this process can result in muscle fatigue and pain
Alcoholic fermentation (what cells undergo them)
mostly yeast cells
aerobic vs. anaerobic respiration (reactants and products)
aerobic reactants: glucose and oxygen; aerobic products: ATP, water, and carbon dioxide
anaerobic reactants: glucose; anaerobic products: ATP, lactic acid (animals) OR ATP, ethanol, and CO2 (yeast)
aerobic vs anaerobic (location and stages)
aerobic location: cytoplasm (glycolysis) and mitochondria; aerobic stages: glycolysis (anaerobic), the Krebs Cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
anaerobic location: cytoplasm; anaerobic stages: glycolysis and fermentation
aerobic vs. anaerobic (ATP produced)
aerobic: 36 ATP (large)
anaerobic: 2 ATP (small)
