Biology Chapters 1,2,3, & 15

Question 1

What are the organizational levels of an organism?

Answer 1

Chemical, Cellular, Tissues, Organs, Organ systems, Organisms, Population, Community, Ecosystem, and Biosphere.

Question 2

What is scientific Investigation?

Answer 2

a process of finding the answer to a question using various research methods.

Question 3

What is an Hypothesis?

Answer 3

Possible explanation/ educated guess as to how the world works.

Question 3

What is the Scientific Method?

Answer 3

-Ask a question,
-Make an hypothesis,
-Test/Experiment,
-results/data, conclusions.

Question 4

What is a theory?

Answer 4

A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can incorporate laws, hypotheses and facts.

Question 5

What are the necessary components to a good experimental design?

Answer 5

Large Numbers, Control Group, Variable, Experimental/ independent variable vs. dependent.

Question 6

What is deductive reasoning?

Answer 6

Derive specific prediction based on or using general info.

Question 7

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 7

Create general principle based on specific observations.

Question 8

Who is the father of taxonomy?

Answer 8

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 9

How are living organisms classified.

Answer 9

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 10

What is Matter?

Answer 10

Anything that takes up space and has mass.

Question 11

What are the components of an Atom?

Answer 11

Electron, Protron, Neutron.

Question 12

How are the subatomic parts of an atom calculated or determined?

Answer 12

Atomic Number=Protons
Atomic Mass= protons+neutrons
Neutrons= Atomic #-Atomic Mass

Question 13

What are Valence Electrons?

Answer 13

The number of electrons on the outer shell of an atom.

Question 14

What are Isotopes?

Answer 14

Atoms with the same # of protons but different # of neutrons.

Question 15

What is an Ionic Bond?

Answer 15

A transfer of electrons/ attraction of oppositely charged ions. (NaCl)

Question 16

What is a Covalent Bond?

Answer 16

Strong bonds that have shared electrons. (H2O)

Question 17

What is a Hydrogen Bond?

Answer 17

A weak bond where an atom or molecule interacts with a neighboring hydrogen that is already taking part in a covalent bond. (Water dimer)

Question 18

What are the Properties of Water?

Answer 18

Solvent of life, Cohesive, Adhesive, Surface tension, Frozen less dense than liquid, and resists changes in temperature.

Question 19

How does the pH scale work?

Answer 19

-The pH scale ranges from 0-14 with 7 being neutral.
- Pure water is considered neutral because as it ionizes it will have an equal number of electrons.
-Each number represents a 10x difference.

Question 20

What is a buffer?

Answer 20

A solution that can resist pH change upon the addition of an acidic or basic components.

Question 21

What is happening during Hydrolysis?

Answer 21

The gain of water and bonds are broken

Question 22

What is happening during dehydration?

Answer 22

Loss of water and bonds form between smaller molecules.

Question 23

what are the major organic moleclues or macromoleclues of living organisms

Answer 23

Carbs, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acid.

Question 24

What is denaturation?

Answer 24

The breakdown of a protein.

Question 25

How do the levels of protein organization compare?

Answer 25

-Chain of amino Acids
-Alpha Helix and beta sheet
-More alpha helix and beta sheet (twist and folds)
-More than one polypeptide, twisted and folded together.

Question 26

What is DNA

Answer 26

Contains genetic instructions.

Question 27

What is RNA

Answer 27

A nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA

Question 28

What is Oxidation?

Answer 28

The loss of Electrons.

Question 29

What is Reduction?

Answer 29

The gain of Electrons.

Question 30

What are the most common elements found in living organisms?

Answer 30

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen.

Question 31

What is Homeostasis?

Answer 31

Steady state of body function/ Ex. shivering when cold.

Question 32

What is Qualitative data?

Answer 32

Data that describes characteristics.

Question 33

What is Quantitative data?

Answer 33

Data placed in numerical data.