Bio cell division Flashcards
Mitosis
-Asexual Reproduction
-Clones
-Growth and Repair
2n>2n
46
46 46
Meiosis
-Sexual Reproduction
-Variation
-Forming gametes = Sex cells
46
M1 23 23
M2 23 23 23 23
What stage does cross over occur?
Prophase 1
Diploid (2n)
-2 of each type
-Full set
Haploid (n)
-1/2 set
-1 type of each
Interphase
G1>S(Chromosome/DNA replicaton)>G2
Apoptosis
Death cycle
IPMAT
-Interphase
-Prophase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase
If a cell has 30 chromosomes after Meiosis I, how many chromosomes will it have following Meiosis II
30
When do Homologous pairs of chromosomes separate?
Anaphase I
When do sister Chromatids separate?
Anaphase II
Through what process do bacteria or prokaryotes reproduce?
Binary Fison
Father of Genetics
Gregor Mendel
If one parent has type AB blood could his or her child have type O?
No
Who discovers sex linked characteristics?
Thomas Morgan
A visual display of chromosomes arranged according to size is called?
Kayrote
Pink snap dragons from red and white parents, neither allele is fully dominate
Incomplete dominance
AB blood group, the A and B are expressed
Codominance
ABO blood group, more than one type of allele controlling a trait
Multiple alleles
2 alleles of a gene can mask another gene. Ex. Abinism
Epistasis
Single gene pair has more then one effect or phenotypic expression in an individual, such as in Marfan syndrome
Pleiotrophy
More than one gene pair controlling a trait and results in small differences of a bell-shaped curve
Polygenic Inheritance or continuous variation
Process by which chromosomes fall to separate properly and abnormal numbers of chromosomes or Annueploidy can occur/ abnormal # of chromosomes
Nondisjunction
Missing one chromosome would result in monosomy or monosomic cells
2n-1 or n-1
Having an extra chromosome would result in trisomy or trisomic cells
2n+1 n+1
XXY, make with extra X may have breast enlargement
Klienfelters
Male with extra Y, taller than average
XYY
Female missing an X
XO or turners
Female with extra X
XXX
Trisomy or downs syndrome
extra 21st chromosome
Missing a part
Deletion
Repeated section
Duplication
Take a piece out, rotate 180 and put it back
Inversion
Part of non-homologous chromosomes may have a mix up or exchange of genes/DNA for different traits
Transversion
An old idea prior to Mendel’s work that we are a blend of our parents
Blending theory
Colorblindness and Hemophilia
Examples of sex-linked traits, carried on the X chromosome
