Bio Test 4 Flashcards

1
Q

1868 Johann Friedrich Miescher

A

Unknown substance in nucleus/ Pus and Salmon Sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1928 Fred Griffith

A

-Discovered transformation can occur during mice experiments.
- Heat killed S + mice> Died
-R + heat killed S + mice > Died

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

1944 Oswald Avery

A

Hereditary Substance probably DNA (Not Protein). He repeated Griffith’s Experiment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

1952 Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

A

Confirmation of DNA Function -Whether it was DNA or Protein
-T2 Bacterialphage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Structure of DNA

A

5 carbon sugar (Deoxyribose) a phosphate group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4 Nitrogenous bases of DNA/ Rungs

A

-Purines- Adenine and Guanine-double ring
-Pyrimidines- Cytosine and Thymine- single ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T-A

A

U

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A-T

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

G-C

A

G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rosalind Franklin

A

x-ray diffraction that revealed a helical shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

James Watson and Francis Crick

A

Built Model of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

DNA Replication

A

-Original molecule unwinds, unzips, complementary base pairing occurs to from new strands which consist of 1 old and 1 new strand.
-Semi Conservative
-DNA Polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Histones

A

DNA wraps around it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Transcription

A

Molecules of RNA are produced on or from the DNA template. (In Nucleus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Translation

A

RNA molecule shipped from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to be used in polypeptide assembly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

DNA

A

-Deoxyribonucleic acid
-Deoxyribose
-Helix
-Double Stranded
-A,T,G,C

17
Q

RNA

A

-Ribose
-No helix
-Single stranded
-A, U (uracil), G, C

18
Q

mRNA

A

-3 bases = Codon
-carries blueprint to ribosome

19
Q

rRNA

A

Combine with proteins to form ribosomes upon which polypeptides are assembled.

20
Q

tRNA

A

Brings correct amino acid (AA) to ribosome and pairs up with a mRNA code for that AA.

21
Q

Genetic Engineering

A

-Method used to advance technology by manipulating the genes.
-Transgenic organism- free living organism with a foreign gene inserted.

22
Q

Francis Collens

A

Human genome project (HUGO)
goal to map the entire sequence of human Genome.

23
Q

Ian Wilmut (Dolly)

24
Q

Uses for Biotechnology

A

-Pest resistance
-BGH (bovine growth hormone)
-Advances in medicine (insulin, anticoagulants, factor VIII, human growth hormone ,and others.)

25
Plasmid
Small circular segment of extra DNA usually found in bacterial cells.
26
Restriction enzymes
Cleave or cut DNA at specific sites.
27
DNA Ligase
Seals DNA fragments back together.
28
Recombinant DNA
DNA from 2 sources
29
DNA probe
Radioactive and allows tracking
30
DNA library
collection of recombinant DNA
31
Gel Electrophoresis
Separates molecules according to size and charge.
32
RFLP
-Restriction fragment length polymorphism -DNA fingerprinting- Unique
33
PCR
-Polymerase chain reaction -Amplification of millions of copies in just a few hours
34
TAG CAT GCT ATC GTA CGA
UAG CAU GCU
35
Peptide
Find in between amino acids
36
Gene Therapy
Replace defective gene with healthy gene
37
Protein Synthesis
Creation of Protein