Biology Chapter 4 Note Cards

Question 1

what is chemical energy used for

Answer 1

most cell processes carried by atp

Question 2

what is a molecule that transfers energy from the break of food molecules to cell processes

Answer 2

ATP

Question 3

what happens in atp

Answer 3

Molecules are broken down, then phosphate group is removed

Question 4

Lower energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate

Answer 4

ADP

Question 5

What is chemosynthesis

Answer 5

process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light

Question 6

what is the overall process of photosynthesis

Answer 6

produce sugars that store chemical energy

Question 7

what is the process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy ; produces sugar and hydrogen from carbon dioxide and water

Answer 7

photosynthesis

Question 8

light absorbing pigment molecule in photosynthesis organisms (fond in chloroplasts)

Answer 8

Chlorophyll

Question 9

what are the two parts of photosynthesis

Answer 9

grana and stroma

Question 10

what happens in the Grana

Answer 10

takes place in Thyakoids
water and sunlight needed
chlorophyll absorbs energy. energy transferred to light independent reaction ‘oxygen released

Question 11

what happens in stroma

Answer 11

needs carbon dioxide

use energy too build sugar in Cyclic Chemical reactions (glucose)

Question 12

what is a membrane bound structure within the chloroplasts that contains chlorophyll and other light absorbing pigments used in the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis

Answer 12

thylakoid

Question 13

What do all cells need

Answer 13

chemical energy

Question 14

how many stages are there in photo.

Answer 14

2

Question 15

What is a series of light absorbing pigments and proteins that capture and transfer energy in the thylakoid

Answer 15

photo system

Question 16

what happens in photo. 2(the first system)

Answer 16

1. Energy is absorbed from sunlight energized electrons enter electron transport chain
2. water split; oxygen is released
3. Hydrogen ions are transported across thylakoid membrane

Question 17

what happens in Photosystem 2 (first stage)

Answer 17

4. Chlorophyll absorbs energy forms sunlight
5. Energized electrons are used to make NADPH
6. NADPH is transferred to light independent reactions

Question 18

what is the second stage of photosynthesis

Answer 18

CALVIN CYCLE

Question 19

where does this cycle occur

Answer 19

stroma

Question 20

What is the process by which a photosynthetic organism uses energy to synthesize simple sugars from (CO)2

Answer 20

CALVIN CYCLE

Question 21

the process of producing ATP by breaking down carbon based molecules when oxygen is present

Answer 21

Cellular respiration

Question 22

What is the process that requires oxygen to occur produces more ATP

Answer 22

Aerobic

Question 23

THe process that does not need oxygen which produces less ATP

Answer 23

Anaerobic

Question 24

what is the anaerobic process in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of a Pyruvate and two net ATP are produced

Answer 24

glycolysis

Question 25

what is the first main part of cellular rep.

Answer 25

Kreb’s Cycle