Biology Chapter 1 Flashcards
Magnification
Magnification is when an object is looked at in closer detail. Magnification come from the root word magnify. You can use things such as a magnifying glass or a microscope to magnify things.
Cell Wall
The Cell wall is the outer layer of a plant cell. It strengthens the cell and provides it support. It is made of cellulose which makes it ridged.
Specialised Cell
Specialised Cells normally have a different structure and different things in it (e.g nucleus, chloroplasts ect) help it carry out it’s specialised job. Some examples of Specialised Cells are Red Blood Cell, White Blood Cell, Sperm Cell and an Egg Cell.
Red Blood Cell Adaptations
Red Blood Cells help carry oxygen around the body. Unlike most other animal cells, it does not contain a nucleus. There are biconcave and very flexible so they can fit through narrow blood vessels.
Resolution
Resolution is how well and how much detailed you can see through a microscope.
Vacuole
The Vacuole contains a watery liquid called Cell Sap. It helps to keep the cell firm.
Nerve Cell Adaptations
Nerve Cells carry electrical impulses around the body. The are long and thin and have connections at each end so they can connect with other nerve cells. This helps them to transmit messages around the body.
Diffusion
Diffusion is when particles are in the air and move from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration. For example, if you spray something it will travel from one side of the room to the other side of the room and eventually reach your nose so you can smell it.
Organism
A living thing that is made up of at least 1 cell.
Chloroplast
Inside the Chloroplasts is where photosynthesis takes place. It contains a green substance called chlorophyll which traps energy from the Sun.
Nucleus
The Nucleus controls the cell and contains genetic material. Genetic information is needed to male new cells.
Microscope
A Microscope is a scientific instrument which is used to look at things in closer and greater detail.
Egg Cell Adaptations
An Egg Cell is a specialised cell which can reproduce when put together with a sperm cell.
Rate Of Diffusion
Rate of Diffusion is the amount of time it take for particles to move from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration.
Cytoplasm
In the Cytoplasm, chemical reactions take place. The Cytoplasm is a “jelly-like” substance.
Specimen
A Specimen is the object that you are going to use in an experiment.
Sperm Cell Adaptations
Sperm Cells have a streamlined head and a long tail to help them to “swim” to the egg cell. They contain lots of mitochondria to transfer energy. They carry male genetic material.
Binary Fission
Binary fission is when cells multiply themselves and divide themselves in half to create another cell that is just the same.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is the barrier that is around the cell. The controls what goes in and out of it.
Slide
A Slide is a small piece of glass that you put something small on and then place it under a microscope to take a closer look at it.
Root Hair Cell Adaptation
Root Hair Cells absorb water and nutrients from the soil. They also have no chloroplasts as there is no light underground. Therefore, they do not carry out photosynthesis.
Mitochondria
In Mitochondria respiration takes place. Respiration is the reaction that transfers oxygen into energy.
Cell
A cell is and organism that is microscopic and functions in order to either keep itself alive of the thing that it’s living in alive.
MRS GREN
M=Movement
R=Respiration
S=Sensitivity
G=Growth
R=Reproduction
E=Excretion
N=Nutrition
