Biology 5.2.4 Flashcards
Too much Water in the Blood results in Cells ___.
Swelling.
Too Little Water in the Blood results in Cells ___.
Dying.
What are the 2 Sources of Water in the Human Body? (2)
-Our Diet.
-Aerobic Respiration.
Both the Cytoplasm and Plasma are largely Composed of ___.
Water.
Water is Lost from the Body in the following ways: (3)
-Exhalation.
-Sweat.
-Urine.
Which Organ Controls the Loss of Excess Water, Ions, & Urea?
The Kidneys.
The Digestion of Proteins from the Diet results in Excess ___ ___, which need to be Excreted Safely, as they cannot be Stored by the Body in the same way that Excess ___ can.
Amino Acids, Glucose.
What is ‘Deamination’?
Deamination is the Process of Breaking Down Excess Amino Acids. It Predominantly Occurs in the Liver.
___ in the Liver Split Up the Excess ___ ___ Molecules, with the part Containing Carbon Turned into ___, & the other parts Containing Nitrogen turned into ___. When this happens, we say that Amino Acids have been ___.
Enzymes, Amino Acids, Glycogen, Ammonia, Deaminated.
What do the Kidneys do in the Human Body?
The Kidneys help to Control the Water Content of the Body, & the Concentrations of Substances (eg Na & K Ions) Dissolved in the Fluids of the Body.
When Blood Passes through the Kidneys, the ___ it is Under Increases as it is Pushed into the Filters.
Pressure.
The Kidneys Contain Highly Branched ___ Networks that from Filters which contain Pores.
Capillary.
Substance forced out of the Blood during the Filtration Process include Glucose, Urea, & Water Ions Dissolved in it. What is the Liquid formed called?
Filtrate.
Once the Filtrate is formed, the Kidneys then ___ ___ Substances needed by the Body, back into the Bloodstream.
Selectively Reabsorb.
What happens to Substances that aren’t Reabsorbed by the Kindeys?
They form Urea.
Which Hormone that is Released by the Pituitary Gland in the Brain depends on how much Water the Kidneys should Reabsorb from the Filtrate?
ADH.
Which Hormone Affects the Permeability of the Tubules to Water?
ADH.
If the Water Content of the Blood is too High, the Pituitary Gland Releases ___ ADH.
Less.
If the Water Content of the Blood is too Low, the Pituitary Gland Releases ___ ADH.
More.
The Control of Water Reabsorption by the Tubules is another Example of…
Negative Feedback.
