biology Flashcards
What is each level of classification called
Taxonomy
What is taxonomy
used to classify and name organisms
What are scientific names
the genus and the species
who was carolus linneus
developed a naming system called binomial nomeclature
*levels of life always go from largest to smallest
what are the levels of life
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
What is more than one genus called
a family
what is order
a broad category composed of similar categories
what is binomial nomeclature
when each species is assigned a two-part scientific name
what are the domains
bacteria, archaea, eukarya,
plante, anamalia, protist, fungi
what is the phylum
made up of several diffirent classes
what is the kingdom
largest and most inclusive taxonomic categories
what is a group of closely related species called
they are called a genus
Eukaryotic cells
HAS a nucleus
Prokaryotic
DOES NOT have a nucleus
what is phylogeny
the study of revolutionary relashionships among organisms
just because 2 things look similar does not mean they share a common ancestor
evolutionary classification
grouping organisms based on evolutionary relashionships
the higher the taxon the less recent ancestor
what is a cladogram
a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms
dichotomus key
used to seperate things into categories
What are the characteristics of life
- order ex: arrangment of cells
- homeostasis regulation ex: body temp
- respond to stimulus ex: venus fly trap
- energy processing
- growth and development ex: a baby
- reproduction
- evolution and adaption
what are the levels of organization
biosphere, ecosystems, communities, populations, individuals, organ system, organs, tissues, cells, organells, molecules, atoms
they go from largest to smallest
What was the cell theory and who came up with it
in 1839 mathaias schilden and theodore schwan came up with the idea that all living things are made up of cells and that cells are the smallest unit of life and new cells come from existing cells
What is negative feedback
a change that reverses the current direction of the system EX: body temperture and blood sugar
What is positive feedback
amplifies or continues that current state of the system EX: childbirth
what are the steps to the scientific method
- casual question- how or why
- hypothesis- testable explanation
- prediction- what you should see
- test- evidence
- conclusion- decision
what is mimicry
when a harmless species represents a harmful one
what is the scientific theory
hypothesis with so much evidence regarded as true
who came up with the idea of natural selection
charels Darwin
what are the needs for natural selection
population of organisms, hereditary variation, overproduction and struggle for existance, diffrences in reproductive succsses, and evolution adaptations in population
who was Robert Hooke
built a compund microscope in the mid 1600s and looked at a cork
who was anton von leeuwenhook
first to see single celled organisms in pond water and first to see cellls in blood
what is cell fraction
seperate diffirent cell parts
