Biological Systems for Formulations Flashcards
Biological interface
boundary or interaction point between two biological (or non) systems
Aspects of biological interface
interaction with bio tissues, biocompatibility and safety, targeted delivery, plant-based formulations
Biomimicry
materials created inspired by design in nature
Human GI tract
open ended epithelium-lined tube from mouth to anus
Main steps of digestion
ingestion, propulsion, mechanical breakdown, enzyme digestion, absorption, defecation
Layers of the GI tract
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Mucosa
inner most layer, directly contact with digestive system. 3 sub layers
3 sub layers of mucosa
epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
Epithelium
innermost sublayer, responsible for absorbing nutrients and secreting mucus, enzymes and hormones
Lamina propria
blood vessels and connective tissue support the epithelium
Muscularis mucosae
thin layer of smooth muscle help to move and fold mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa
Digestive enzymes
proteins essential for breaking down macromolecules into smaller
Enzyme classes
carbohydrases, protease, lipase
Bollus
food when leaving esophagus
Chyme
food when leaving the stomach
Small intestine
villi and microvilli absorb nutrients into bloodstream and lymphatic system
Stomach
mechanical and chemical digestion
sublingual delivery
under the tongue
Buccal delivery
through the lining of the cheek
Factors to consider with sublingual/buccal delivery
both avoid first pass metabolism. consider permeability, blood flow and time.
Formulation considerations with sublingual/buccal delivery