Biological Molecules: Lipids Flashcards
What are the types of lipids?
- Triglycerides- Fat or Oil
- Phospholipids
- Sterols- Cholesterol
What is the general formula for a saturated triglyceride?
Cn H2n O2
Facts about fatty acids?
- Terminal carboxylic acid group
- ## Long hydrocarbon chain
Saturated triglycerides are determined by …
- No double bonds
- 2 hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon
Unsaturated triglycerides are determined by …
- A carbon double bond
- 1 Hydrogen atom attached to each carbon
Lipids can be an energy store because …
- They are reactive
- have a large energy density
Cholesterol has a …
- Carbon ring
- Hydroxyl group
What is the difference between Lipids and Phospholipids?
- Structure:
Lipid- 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
The production of triglycerides is the …
condensation reaction between the carboxyl acid group of the fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of the glycerol.
What bond is formed when a triglyceride is formed?
- Ester bond
`The breakdown of triglycerides in the small intestine involves 4 facts you should know.
- ______ reaction
- Breakdown of ____ bond
- Products: 3 ____ and 1 _____
- Catalysed by _____ enzyme
- Hydrolysis reaction
- Breakdown of ester bond
- Products: 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
- Catalysed by lipase enzyme
What is the function of cholesterol?
- Regulates permeability and mechanical stability of the cell membrane.
- Prevents loss of ions through membranes
- Synthesis of steroid hormones, vitamin D and bile.
What is the emulsion test?
It is a food test that determines the presence of of lipids. Lipids consist of of fats and oils.
What is the ethanol emulsion test?
Lipids are non-polar
