Biological Molecules B1 Flashcards
What are nutrients?
Nutrients are substances that are needed for growth, repair and metabolism.
What elements are carbohydrates made from?
Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen
What monomers are carbohydrates made from?
Carbohydrates are made from simple sugars such as glucose and fructose.
What is a complex molecule?
A polymer.
How are complex carbohydrate molecules broken down?
The bonds between monomers begin to break and the polymer is broken down into monomers. This breakdown is carried out by enzymes in the mouth and small intestine.
What elements are in proteins?
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen
How are proteins broken down into monomers?
The chemical bonds between monomers break and the complex molecule can be broken down into a monomer. This breakdown is carried by enzymes in the stomach and small intestine.
What is a fat?
A fat is a lipid that is solid at room temperature.
What is an oil?
An oil is a lipid that’s liquid at room temperature.
What is the structure of lipids?
Lipids are monomers that are made up of a single glycerol molecule attached to 3 fatty acid molecules.
What elements make up lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen
How are lipids broken down?
Lipids are broken down by enzymes in the small intestine.
