BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY-3

Question 1

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 1

Deoxyriboneucleic Acid

Question 2

What is DNA responsible for?

Answer 2

The inherited material responsible for genetic variation.

Question 3

When was DNA first identified

Answer 3

1869

Question 4

What are the chemicals in a DNA ladder?

Answer 4

guanine (G)
cytosine (C)
adenine (A)
and thymine (T).

Question 5

Which chemicals always pair up together?

Answer 5

C and G
A and T

Question 6

What is a chromosome?

Answer 6

All the DNA of a cell compacted into packages.

Question 7

Where are chromosomes stored?

Answer 7

In the nucleus.

Question 8

How many chromosomes does a human cell contain?

Answer 8

46 pairs. 23 from the mother, 23 from the father.

Question 9

What makes the 23rd pair significant?

Answer 9

It is the sex chromosome.
It determines if you are male or female.
If it is XX, you are a female, if it’s XY, you’re male.

Question 10

What is a gene?

Answer 10

It is an uninterrupted segment of DNA containing instructions for a specific trait.
Offspring inherit genes from both parents

Question 11

What are different forms of a gene called?

Answer 11

Alleles

Question 12

What is Mitosis

Answer 12

A cell divides into two daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes

Question 13

What is meiosis

Answer 13

There are 4 daughter cells, each with only half the chromosomes as the original cell.

Question 14

What are the two types of cell division

Answer 14

Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 15

Define artificial selection

Answer 15

Only allowing the two organisms with the most desirable traits reproduce

Question 16

What is a dominant traits

Answer 16

The gene that expresses itself more strongly (uppercase letter)

Question 17

What is a recessive gene

Answer 17

Appears in offspring only if the two recessive traits combine (lowercase letter)

Question 18

Define Incomplete dominance

Answer 18

When neither the dominant or recessive trait are expressed, both alleles are combined and expressed as a mixture of both.

Question 19

Define Co-dominace

Answer 19

When both are equally dominant

Question 20

True or False: Environment can also effect DNA

Answer 20

True