BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY-2 Flashcards
Define inherited characteristics
Characteristic passed from parent to offspring.
Define Non- inherited characteristics
Characteristics are developed throughout an organisms life.
What is a discrete variation?
There are only two ways something could be
What is a continuous variation?
There are many variations of a characteristic.
True or False: The environment may influence some variation.
True
What is Asexual Reproduction?
Involves only one parent, all the offspring are identical
What is binary fission?
1 of 4 ways of Asexual reproduction.
A single cell splits into two identical cells.
What is Budding?
The parent organism produces a bud which eventually detached and become a new organism.
What is spore reproduction?
Similar to seeds, the parent produces spores which then grows into a new organism.
What is Vegetative reproduction?
How a plant with seeds reproduce: Runners, Cuttings, suckers, tubers
What is sexual reproduction?
-Involves two organisms, a male and a female. (only some can self fertilize)
-The offspring inherit half of each parents genetics.
-Involves gametes which combine and form Zygotes
What are male gametes called?
Sperm
What are female gametes called?
Eggs or ova
What are the stages of sexual reproduction
sperm+egg
Zygote becomes embryo by dividing over and over(cleavage)
Embryo becomes a multi-cellular organism
How does sexual reproduction happen in plants?
The male and female gametes join during fertilization to produce a zygote.
Most plants have both male and female parts, but some don’t.
What contain the gametes in plants
The pollen contain the male gamete in the stamen, the ovules contain the female gametes in the pistil.
Define: Pollination
Occurs when pollen is transferred from the anther to the stamen to the stigma of the pistil.
Define: Cross pollination
When pollen from one plant is carried to another
Define Hermaphrodite
An organism that can reproduce both sexually and Asexually
What are advantages of sexual reproduction?
Greater genetic variation
Disadvantages of sexual reproduction
-Takes a lot of energy and time
-Smaller populations are produced
Advantages of Asexual reproduction
-does not require any specialized cells
-only need one parent
-produce many offspring very quickly
Disadvantages of Asexual reproduction
-Not a lot of diversity
-Less adaptability
