Biological Basis - Areas of the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Hindbrain

A

oldest part of the brain

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2
Q

Cerebellum

A

movement/balance

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3
Q

Medulla

A

vital organs (heart rate & blood pressure)

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4
Q

Pons

A

bridge between regions - basic functions

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5
Q

Reticular Formation

A

alertness

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6
Q

Forebrain

A

higher thought processes

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7
Q

Amygdala

A

emotions, fear

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8
Q

Hippocampus

A

memory

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9
Q

Hypothalamus

A

keepbody in homeostasis
reward/pleasure center, eating behaviors - link to endocrine system

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10
Q

Thalamus

A

relays sensory and motor information from your body to your Cerebral Cortex

(you MUST (thalaMUST) use your thalamus, unless it’s MUSTY - smell)

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11
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

outer portion of the brain - higher order thought processes

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12
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

vision
(in Cerebral Cortex)

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13
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

decision making, planning, judgment, movement, personality
(in Cerebral Cortex)

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14
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

sensory processing, spatial awareness
(in Cerebral Cortex)

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15
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

hearing and face recognition
(in Cerebral Cortex)

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16
Q

Somatosensory Cortex

A

processes sensory information
interprets touch, temperature, pain, preprioception (awareness of body position)

(Parietal Lobe: sensations)(in Cerebral Cortex)

17
Q

Motor Cortex

A
  • motor movements
  • planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements

(frontal lobe; in Cerebral Cortex)

18
Q

Damage to left hemisphere results in:

A

aphasia (damaged speech)

19
Q

Broca’s area

A

speech production (Broca - boca)

20
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

comprehension of speech

21
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

bundle of nerves that connect the two hemispheres (sometimes severed in patients with severe seizures – leads to “split-brain patients”)

22
Q

effect of split-brain procedures

A

patients could only process what they saw from their right eye (and it processed in the left hemisphere)

23
Q

Endocrine system

A

sends hormones throughout the body

24
Q

Pituitary gland

A

controlled by hypothalamus, releases growth hormones

25
Adrenal gland
related to sympathetic nervous system -- releases adrenaline
26
EEG
brain activity -- not specific
27
XRAY
not useful, doesn't show tissues
28
CT / MRI
shows structures (tumors)
29
PET
glucose shows brain activity (when in doubt PICK THIS ONE)
30
fMRI
oxygen shows activity in real time
31
lesion
destruction of the brain tissue