Biological approach: KC4 organisation of the nervous system

Question 1

nervous system

Answer 1

provides the biological basis to an individuals psychological experience

Question 2

CNS (central nervous system)

Answer 2

made up of the brain and spinal cord. it is the origin of all complex commands and decisions

Question 3

PNS (peripheral nervous system)

Answer 3

made up of nerves. it transmits information to and from the CNS

Question 4

autonomic nervous system (ans)

Answer 4

responsible for involuntary movements. eg, breathing

Question 5

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 5

prepares the body for activity. eg, increasing the heartrate during the stress response

Question 6

homeostasis

Answer 6

the tendency of an organism to maintain a stable internal state

Question 7

the acute stress response

Answer 7

a response designed to help an individual manage physically when under threat

Question 8

name 2 strengths of the organisation of the nervous system

Answer 8

1. there is research to support the organisation and functions of the nervous system

damage to the autonomic nervous system (ANS) can cause problems in responding to stress. such research adds validity to current theories about the nervous system

2. has practical application so is useful

some performers (actors and musicians) experience stress that interferes with their performances, such as a violinists hand shaking. this is caused by activation of the sympathetic divisions of the ANS. drugs can be taken to prevent this activity. therefore, understanding the organisation of the nervous system has led to effective treatments to help reduce anxiety and stress

Question 9

name 1 limitation of the organisation of the nervous system

Answer 9

incomplete explanation as other systems are involved

the nervous system works together with the endocrine system (which involves glands and hormones) in many behaviours. for example, in the ‘fight or flight’ response the brain (nervous system) detects danger and sends a signal to the endocrine system to produce hormones such as adrenaline. this means that our understanding of the role of the nervous system is incomplete without also considering the endocrine system

Question 10

which 2 nervous systems work together to ensure the body is in a state of homeostasis (balance)

Answer 10

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 11

what is the CNS made up of

Answer 11

the brain and spinal cord

Question 12

what is the PNS made up of

Answer 12

nerves

Question 13

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 13

responsible for slowing the body down. eg, reducing heart rate