Bioethics SAC Flashcards
1
Q
Consequences based approach:
A
- Could help find a solution to prevent or help people recover from circadian rhythm disorders in humans and therefore improve the mental health of humans with these diseases
- The negative impacts/symptoms that the disorder carries is transferred onto the monkeys and therefore the monkeys get human diseases
- Monkeys could die earlier because of being cloned – shorter lifespan
- The benefit of creating cloned monkeys is that it reduces the number of animals needed for certain types of experiments, such as testing whether a drug works therefore decreasing the amount of negative side effects and deaths in monkeys.
2
Q
Duty/rule-based approach:
A
- It is the researcher’s responsibility that no monkeys get harmed during this experiment as all animals have a right to live
- It is the researcher’s obligation and duty to carry out and finish their research and find a solution so that they are doing what is required as their job
- They have a duty to follow the scientific method and therefore have a responsibility to conduct experiment correctly and safely
- Have a responsibility to follow the ethical guidelines – abuse of power
3
Q
Virtues based approach:
A
- The scientists need to be kind and caring to the monkeys and make sure they are looked after such as giving them food and water
- By creating human diseases in monkeys this isn’t being caring and considerate to the monkeys as this negatively affects them as it causes them harm or a lower quality of life
- By attempting to find a solution to diseases that cause mental health issues in humans this then is being caring, thoughtful and helpful towards humans as it can increase their quality of life
- The scientists need to be honest about what they are doing to the monkeys such as their living conditions, what drugs they have tested on them, etc.
- They are treated like experiments and not like animals
- Putting the monkeys in a lab environment instead of their normal outside habitat
4
Q
Integrity:
A
- The scientists need to be honest and truthful about what experiments they are conducting on the monkeys and whether this will help prevent the diseases in humans
- The scientists need to be honest about their results even if their experiments weren’t successful or favourable to their hypothesis so that resources that don’t work aren’t wasted on humans and that humans don’t suffer side effects or any improvement from their disease.
5
Q
Justice:
A
- It isn’t fair that monkeys should suffer for the possible benefit of humans as this is not considering the lives of the monkeys
6
Q
Beneficence:
A
- This research maximises benefits towards humans as this could find a solution to circadian rhythm disorders, therefore decreasing the number of deaths and people with these disorders.
- This research doesn’t maximise all benefits to everyone involved as the monkeys now have these diseases and the negative symptoms that come with it, therefore decreasing the health of the monkeys which isn’t benefiting them in any way.
7
Q
Non-maleficence:
A
- This research causes harm towards the monkeys as it is said in the article that the cloned monkeys “already show signs of negative behaviour” such as “sleep disorders” and “depression” all which are symptoms of the circadian rhythm disorders.
- It causes less harm towards humans as therefore if a drug is found affective it can then be used towards humans with these diseases therefore decreasing the number of humans harmed by this disease.
8
Q
Non-maleficence:
A
- This research causes harm towards the monkeys as it is said in the article that the cloned monkeys “already show signs of negative behaviour” such as “sleep disorders” and “depression” all which are symptoms of the circadian rhythm disorders.
- It causes less harm towards humans as therefore if a drug is found affective it can then be used towards humans with these diseases therefore decreasing the number of humans harmed by this disease.
9
Q
Respect:
A
- The researchers aren’t considering those who might oppose to animal cloning; therefore they aren’t considering others personal beliefs such as animal cloning is unethical.
- This respects and considers people with the disease as therefore the researchers don’t need to be intrusive and try lots of different drugs on them to see how each one reacts.
