BIOETHICS FINALS WK4

Question 1

The properties that
distinguish organisms on
the basis of their
reproductive roles.

Answer 1

Human sexuality
SEXUALITY

Question 2

*A person’s tendency of
_____,
especially whether
heterosexual or

Answer 2

sexual attraction

Question 3

The constitution of an
individual in relation to
sexual attitudes or activity.

Answer 3

SEXUALITY

Question 4

sexuality is defined as an
aggregate of characteristics that
differentiates between the two types or
parts of the organism which reproduce
by means of the fusion of gametes and
which thus also create a connection of
genetic material from two different
sources.

Answer 4

Biologically

Question 5

sexuality is the behavior
directly associated with the meeting of
the two genders – and in some species
with copulation – which can lead to
fertilization

Answer 5

Psychologically

Question 6

Human sexuality is
determined by many
factors, like cultural,
political, legal, and
philosophical aspects of
life, but also morality,
ethics, theology,
spirituality, and religion.

Answer 6

Sexual and Human
Reproduction

Question 7

*Sexual morality is a topic
of universal concern

Answer 7

Sexuality and morality

Question 8

*Since sex is connected
with the bringing of
children into the world
▪ Concern with social and
private moralities

Answer 8

Sexuality and morality

Question 9

*Sexual activity is either
morally permissible or
impermissible

Answer 9

Sexuality and morality

Question 10

Values of Human Sexuality

Answer 10

a. physical pleasure;
b. the expression of intimate
love;
c. the transmission of life to a
new generation;
d. a paradigm and symbol of
more universal forms of
love.

Question 11

▪it need not be restrictive
o one can carry on meaningful
love affairs simultaneously with
more than one person

Answer 11

*Rejects exclusiveness of sex

Question 12

a legally and socially
sanctioned union, usually between a
man and a woman,

Answer 12

*Marriage,

Question 13

Marriage that is regulated by

Answer 13

laws, rules, customs, beliefs, and
attitudes that prescribe the rights and
duties of the partners and accords
status to their offspring

Question 14

basic social
and personal functions for which it
provides structure,

Answer 14

sexual
gratification and regulation, division of labor between the sexes, economic production and
consumption, and satisfaction of
personal needs for affection, status,
and companionship.

Question 15

*is an agreement between two
persons by which they grant
each other equal reciprocal
rights, each of them undertaking
to surrender the whole of their
person to the other with a
complete right of disposal over

Answer 15

Kant

Question 16

MARRIAGE HAVE TAKEN A GREAT NUMBER OF FORMS

Answer 16

exchange marriage;
▪ group marriage;
▪ polygyny
▪ polyandry;
▪ polygamy;
▪ tree marriage
▪ common-law marriage.

Question 17

a form of marriage involving an arranged and reciprocal exchange of spouses between two groups

Answer 17

exchange marriage;

Question 18

marriage-like arrangement where three or more
adults live together, sharing almost all aspect

Answer 18

group marriage;

Question 19

marriage in which two or more women share a husband

Answer 19

polygyny

Question 20

marriage of a woman to two or more men at the
same time

Answer 20

polyandry;

Question 21

having more than one wife or husband at the
same time

Answer 21

polygamy;

Question 22

a form of symbolic marriage between a human
and a tree that is said to be infused with supernatural life

Answer 22

tree marriage

Question 23

one in which the couple lives together for a
period of time and holds themselves out to
friends, family and the community as “being
married

Answer 23

common-law marriage.

Question 24

Marriage
Principles

Answer 24

choose
care for self
know
care
share
manage
connect

Question 25

*sexual faculties have one true
end — procreation

Answer 25

sex

Question 26

▪sex is pleasurable but it is
pleasurable in order to fulfil this
end

Answer 26

• St. Aquinas, Natural Law
  Theory

Question 27

*outcome is independent of
desires, wants, reasons, hopes,
fears etc

Answer 27

sex

Question 28

▪premarital sex, masturbation,
bestiality, contraception,
homosexual acts, pornography
and adultery are all wrong

Answer 28

St. Aquinas, Natural Law Theory

Question 29

is wrong because
children would be brought into the
world outside the safe confines of marriage

Answer 29

Premarital Sex

Question 30

*sex is morally permissible within the
context of a heterosexual, lifelong,
and monogamous marriage

Answer 30

Immanuel
Kant

Question 31

Actions are morally right if and only they maximize

Answer 31

Utilitarianism

Question 32

few questions and qualifications that
need to be made.

Answer 32

sex will typically lead to pleasure that does not mean that Utilitarianism is committed to the claim that the act of having sex is always good.

just because sex is typically
pleasurable it does not mean
Utilitarianism is committed to the claim that we have a duty to have as much sex as possible.

heterosexual sex within a marriage might be morally wrong if there has been coercion or threats, or just a general unhappiness with
perfunctory sex.

adultery or having multiple sexual partners can be morally acceptable.

considering various sex acts
because of his distinction between higher and lower pleasures.

Question 33

*Perverted sex (sexual activities that violate the single purpose of reproduction) is not necessarily
regarded as “morally wrong”

Answer 33

Thomas Nagel

Question 34

sexual orientations may not be chosen,
in many cases, what behaviors people exhibit
in response to their orientations are chosen,
and such behaviors can be evaluated morally.

Answer 34

(D. Moskovitz, 2001)

Question 35

Same-sex
affection

Men or women
who are attracted
to individuals of
the same sex

Answer 35

homosexuality

Question 36

*a condition in which a person, usually
heterosexual in orientation, is more
comfortable sexually while wearing
clothing symbolic of the opposite sex

Answer 36

Transvetism

Question 37

*strong desire to change one’s anatomical
gender, either on purpose or due to
indistinct anatomy

Answer 37

Transsexualism