biodiversity Flashcards
biodiversity
variety of organisms
genetic differences
the ecosystems
species diversity
variety of different species in an area
most basic level
plants to microorganisms
genetic diversity
variations among genetic resources
ecological diversity
an ecosystem= living + nonliving and their interaction
diversity among ecosystems
advantages of biodiversity
supports food security
sustains livelihood through overall genetic diversity
a large number of plants=variety of crops
greater species diversity ensures natural sustainability
healthy ecosystems can withstand disasters
humans have negative effect on biodiversity
prokaryotes
prokaryotic cells , no nucleus
eukaryotes
eukaryotic cells, nucleus+ organelles
features of organisms
nutrition= autotrophic(makes own food), heterotrophic(feeds on living)
cell organisation=unicellular, multicellular
cell type= eukaryotes(genetic material surronded by membrane),
prokaryotes(lacking a membrane)
respiration=aerobic, anaerobic
reprodution
movement
domains of organisms and their kingdoms
archea (archeabacteris)
bacteria(bacteria)
eukarya(protista, fungi, plantae, animilia)
animal kingdom two catergories
vertebrates (warm blood cold blood)
and
invertebrates( with jointed leg without legs)
warm blood ex:
mamallas bird
cold blood ex:
fish reptile
with jointed leg
with 3 or more than 3
without legs
worm like and not worm like
animals characteristics
multi celled
heterotrophic eukaryotes aerobic
sexual reproduction
movement
how many species are there?
9-10 million
most known are insects(1 million)
plant kingdom
species of vegetation
one of the oldest
immobile, autotrophic, multicell, eukaryotic
sexual or asexual
vascular and non vascular
fungi
unicellular + multicellular
RECYCLING
chitin in their walls, feed of other living things,
reproduce through spores
some have toxins
beneficial ones= penicilin+antibiotics
protista
primitive of eukaryotes
eukaryotic organisms that are not deemed to be animals, plants, fungi such as protozoa
ex: euglena, amoeba, paramecium, algea
some have organelles that are found in animal cells(mitochondria), while others have organelles that are found in plant cells(chloroplast)
monera kingdom(archra+eubacteria)
microscopic+prokaryotes
present in all habitats and is made up of single-cell things with no defined nucleus
most bacteria are aerobic and hetetrophic
archea usually anaerobic and metabolism is chemosynthetic
some bacteria are photosynthetic
archabacteria
cell wall composition= for extreme conditions
archea of methonogon=found in guts of humans and animals
reproduce by binary fission(asexual)
1 circular chromosome
use flagella to move
eubacteria
considered true bacteria
in every environment
compose human microbiota
ensures our body to function normally
human microbiota
healthy growth
protect body
help digestion
regulate moods
distruption of microbiata
know as dysbiosis
results in obesity, dermotits, neurological imbalance, irritable bowel syndrome
cure= probiotics, prebiotcs
how do gut bacterias affect our body?
gut-brain= autism, psychiotric disorders, pneumonia, neurodegenerarive disorders
heart diesease= hearth failure, atheroscleros thrombiosis
gut-skin= psoriosis, acne vulgaris, skin cancer
metabolsim=obesity, T2 diabetes, cancer, mitochondrial dysfunction
gut-lung=asthma, lung cancer, obstructive pulmonary disease
microorganisms on surface…
guard against invasion
healing wounds
immune syustems
produce signaling molecules
gut…
harbores the highest amount of microorganisms
microbes in gut posses enzymes to digest carbohydrates and extraction of nutrients
intestinal microorgnaisms…
produce K2 B12
active role in medication we ingest
first to interact with drugs
babies???
get microorgansisms from their moms during delivery
lactobacilli= in moms vagina= cesarean= colonize baby’s intestines to help in digestion of milk
after birth microorganism are obtained from diet= breast milk= acquire bacteria from mother’s skin that colonize baby’s intestines
ecosystems 2 components
abiotic(non-living)
biotic(living)
it takes up … years to get enough microbes
2
tardigrades
micro animal
live in water moss algae
for over 500 million years
survived artic, space,
turn into tun= release water this is called cryptobiosis
organs protected by sugary gel called trehalose
can survive 1000x more radiation than us
can plants communicate using the electricity
yes
kingdoms are
Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria)
Eubacteria (true bacteria)
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
