Biocompatability Flashcards
Define biomaterial.
any substance or combination of substances synthetic/natural in origin which can be used for any period of time as a whole/part of a system which treats, augments or replaces tissue, lorgan or function
What is biocompatibility?
Capacity of a biomaterial to perform, with an appropriate host response in a specific context over the product life
What is tissue engineering?
Application of cells, drugs, biomaterial scaffolds to repair/regenerate tissue & thereby restore health
What will a biocompatible material reach?
Healthy equilibrium with biological environment over time
What 4 cases are biomaterials being used for?
Drug delivery
drug-device combinations (drug eluting stents)
tissue engineering
nanotech products
What are 4 adverse reactions to implant devices?
Direct damage
functionality may be impaired due to abberant cellular response/accumulation
Thrombus formation
non-thrombo device - local or systemic effects
What are 3 responses to implanted devices?
Wound healing response
inflammatory reactions
remodeling around implant
What are 3 interactions in in vivo systems?
Interaction with regulatory, parenchymal * stromal cells
paracrine & endocrine factors
interaction with blood
What 5 things dictate the foreign body response?
Extent of injury & surgical technique
implantation site
implant shape/size
material chemical & physical properties
systemic health of recipient
What is the ideal implantation reaction?
High neutrophil response which dissipates after 12 hrs
increasing macrophages & foreign body giant cells
some fibrosis
Why is biofilm so important?
outer contacting layer - can influence how immune system responds
What are 2 coatings?
Collagen IV
Collagen VII
What are 4 non-biological factors?
Hydrophobicity
Charge
Functional groups
Roughness
Why is hydrophobicity important?
Protects against bio-fouling
