Biochimie M3 Flashcards

1
Q

Atomes isotopes

A

atomes qui ont le m^me nombre de protons (donc d’électrons), mais un nombre de neutrons différent.

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2
Q

isomères

A

même formule brute, développée différente

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3
Q

énantiomère

A

molécules images miroirs mais non superposables.
forme D : dextrogyre : droite
L : lévrogyre : gauche

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4
Q

molécule avec deux énantiomères

A

chirale

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5
Q

diastéréo - isomère

A

organisation diffère mais pas d’image miroir

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6
Q

isomère cis/trans

A

CIS : même coté : Z
TRANS : cote opposé : E

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7
Q

conformer 2 types

A

épimère ; 1 seul C change de confo
anomère : plusieurs C

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8
Q

3 fonctions alcool OH

A

primaire : 1 R et 2 H
secondaire : 2 R et 1 H
tertiaire : 3 R et 0 H

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9
Q

3 fonctions amines N

A

primaire 1R et 2H, secondaire 2R et 1H, tertiaire 3R et 0H

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10
Q

fonction amide R-CO-NH2

A

acide carboxylique + fonction amine

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11
Q

fonctions carbonyle

A

C=O
cétone : 2 radicaux
aldéhyde : 1 R et 1H

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12
Q

fonction thiol

A

SH

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13
Q

condensation

A

retrait H2O : formation liaison covalente

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14
Q

hydrolyse

A

ajout H2O : coupure liaison covalente

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15
Q

phosphorylation

A

ajout phosphate sur alcool
liaison covalente + perte H20

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16
Q

estérification

A

condensation acide carboxylique et alcool : ester
acide carboxylique et thiol : thiolester

17
Q

amidification

A

condensation acide carboxylique et amine : amide

18
Q

hémiacétalisation

A

carbonyle + alcool
carbone hémiacétal

19
Q
A