Biochemistry Exam 1 Flashcards by Amber Wilder

Value:

35-55 g/L
OR
3.5-5.5 g/dL

Analyte:

Albumin

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Analyte:

Albumin

Value:

35-55 g/L
OR
3.5-5.5 g/dL

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Value:

6.0-7.8 g/dL

Analyte:

Protein Total

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Analyte:

Protein Total

Value:

6.0-7.8 g/dL

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Value:

2.5-3.5 g/dL

Analyte:

Globulins

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Analyte:

Globulins

Value:

2.5-3.5 g/dL

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Value:

640-1430 mg/dL

Analyte:

IgG

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Analyte:

IgG

Value:

640-1430 mg/dL

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Value:

70-300 mg/dL

Analyte:

IgA

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Analyte:

IgA

Value:

70-300 mg/dL

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Value:

20-140 mg/dL

Analyte:

IgM

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Analyte:

IgM

Value:

20-140 mg/dL

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Value:

< 8 mg/dL

Analyte:

IgD

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Analyte:

IgD

Value:

< 8 mg/dL

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Value:

0.01-0.04 mg/dL

Analyte:

IgE

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Analyte:

IgE

Value:

0.01-0.04 mg/dL

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Value:

8-20 mg/dL

Analyte:

Blood Urea Nitrogen
(BUN)

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Analyte:

Blood Urea Nitrogen
(BUN)

Value:

8-20 mg/dL

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Value:

0.7-1.3 mg/dL

Analyte:

Creatinine

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Analyte:

Creatinine

Value:

0.7-1.3 mg/dL

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Value:

2.5-8 mg/dL

Analyte:

Uric Acid

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Analyte:

Uric Acid

Value:

2.5-8 mg/dL

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Value:
36-92 U/L

Analyte:

Alkaline phosphatase

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Analyte:

Alkaline phosphatase

Value:

36-92 U/L

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**_Value:_** 0-35 U/L

**_Analyte:_** Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

**_Value:_** 0-35 U/L

**_Value:_** 0-35 U/L (NOT ALT)

**_Analyte:_** Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)

0-35 U/L

**_Value:_** 0-130 U/L

**_Analyte:_** Amylase

**_Value:_** 0-130 U/L

**_Value:_** 60-100 U/L

**_Analyte:_** Lactate dehydrogenase (LD orLDH)

**_Analyte:_** Lactate dehydrogenase (LD or LDH)

**_Value:_** 60-100 U/L

**_Value:_** 0-30 U/L

**_Analyte:_** Gamma Glutamyltransferase (GGT)

**_Analyte:_** Gamma Glutamyltranferase (GGT)

**_Value:_** 0-30 U/L

**_Value:_** 70-100 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** Glucose

**_Value:_** 70-100 mg/dL

**_Value:_** \< 200 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** Cholesterol - total

**_Value:_** \< 200 mg/dL

**_Value:_** \< 130 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

**_Value:_** \< 130 mg/dL

**_Value:_** \> 40 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

**_Analyte:_** High-denisty lipoprotein

**_Value:_** \> 40 mg/dL

**_Value:_** \< 150 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** Triglyceride

**_Value:_** \< 150 mg/dL

**_Value:_** 8.6-10.0 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** Calcium, Total

**_Value:_** 8.6-10.0 mg/dL

**_Value:_** 4.1-4.9 mg/dL (plasma)

**_Analyte:_** Calcium, Ionized

**_Value:_** 4.1-4.9 mg/dL (plasma)

**_Value:_** 98-107 mmol/L

**_Analyte:_** Chloride

**_Value:_** 98-107 mmol/L

**_Value:_** 2.4-4.4 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** Phosphorus

**_Value:_** 2.4-4.4 mg/dL

**_Value_****_:_** 135-145 mmol/L

**_Analyte:_** Sodium

**_Value:_** 135-145 mmol/L

**_Value:_** 10-20 mmol/L

**_Analyte:_** Anion Gap

**_Value:_** 10-20 mmol/L

**_Value:_** 275-292 mOsm/kg

**_Analyte:_** Osmolality

**_Value:_** 275-295 mOsm/kg

**_Value:_** 5-10 mOsm/kg

**_Analyte:_** Osmolal Gap

**_Value:_** 5-10 mOsm/kg

**_Value:_** 3.5-5.1 mmol/L

**_Analyte:_** Potassium

**_Value:_** 3.5-5.1 mmol/L

**_Value:_** 0.63-1.0 mmol/L

**_Analyte:_** Magnesium

**_Value:_** 0.63-1.0 mmol/L

**_Value:_** 22-29 mmol/L

**_Analyte:_** Bicarbonate (HCO_3-)

**_Value:_** 22-29 mmol/L

**_Value:_** 7.35-7.45 mm Hg

**_Analyte:_** pH (arterial blood gas)

**_Value:_** 7.35-7.45 mm Hg

**_Value:_** 35-45 mm Hg

**_Analyte:_** PCO₂ (arterial blood gas)

**_Value:_** 35-45 mm Hg

**_Value:_** 85-105 mm Hg

**_Analyte:_** PO₂ (arterial blood gas)

**_Analyte:_** PO2 (arterial blood gas)

**_Value:_** 85-105 mm Hg

**_Value:_** 23-29 mmol/L

**_Analyte:_** CO₂ (venous)

**_Analyte:_** CO2 (venous)

**_Value:_** 23-29 mmol/L

**_Value:_** \< 5 ug/dL

**_Analyte:_** Lead

**_Value:_** \< 5 ug/dL

**_Value:_** 15-200 ng/mL

**_Analyte:_** Ferritin

**_Value:_** 15-200 ng/mL

**_Value:_** 60-160 ug/dL

**_Analyte:_** Iron

**_Value:_** 60-160 ug/dL

**_Value:_** 20%-50%

**_Analyte:_** Transferrin Saturation %

**_Value:_** 20%-50%

**_Value:_** 0.3-1.2 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** Bilirubin - Total

**_Value:_** 0.3-1.2 mg/dL

**_Value:_** 0-0.3 mg/dL

**_Analyte:_** Bilirubin - Direct

**_Value:_** 0-0.3 mg/dL

Name the Equation

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

This equation mathematically describes the dissociation characteristics of weak acids and bases

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

The following equation gives what result?

Anion gap

What equation is calculated by the concentration difference between commonly measured cations (Na+K) and commonly measured anions (Cl+HCO₃)?

Anion gap

What is the following equation used to calculate?

Osmolality

What is a physical property of a solution that is based on the concentration of solutes (expressed as millimoles) per kilogram of solvent (w/w)?

Osmolality

The following equation will give you what result?

Transferrin Saturation

What is the equation for creatinine clearance?

How do you calculate the percent coefficient of variation (%CV)?

How do you calculate standard deviation?

What is this equation for?

Calculating standard deviation

What is this equation used for?

Calculating the percent coefficient variation

How do you calculate total cholesterol?

The following equation will give you what result?

Total cholesterol

How do you calculate VLDL?

The following equation gives you which analyte result?

VLDL

How do you calculate LDL when given total cholestrol, HDL, and Triglyceride results?

The following equation will give you what analyte result?

LDL Low-density lipoprotein

What is another name for the following equation?

Friedewald formula

What is the Friedewald formula?

How do you calculate Absorbance when given %T?

2 - log₁₀(%T)

What is Beer's Law?

A = abc ``` A = Absorbance a = molar absorptivity in L/[(mole)(cm)] b = path length in cm c = concentration of the analyte (sample) in mol/L ```

What is a class A fire?

Ordinary combustible solid materials (paper, wood, etc.)

What is a class B fire?

Flammable liquids/gases and petroleum products

What is a class C fire?

Energized electrical equipment

What is a class D fire?

Combustible/reactive metals (magnesium, sodium, etc.)

What type of extinguishers are used on class A fires?

- Pressurized water - Foam - Multipurpose dry chemical

What type of extinguishers are used on Class B and Class C fires?

- Multipurpose dry chemical - Carbon dioxide - Halogenated hydrocarbon (for computers)

What type of extinguishers are used on Class D fires?

- Dry chemical extinguishers (trained firefighters only)

Which of the following standards require that MSDSs are accessible to all employees who come in contact with a hazardous compound? A. Bloodborne Pathogen Standard B. Personal Protection Equipment Standard C. Hazardous Communication Standard D. CDC Regulations

C. Hazardous Communication Standard

Chemicals should be stored: A. Inside a safety cabinet with proper ventilation B. According to their chemical properties and classification C. Inside a fume hood, if toxic vapors can be released when opened D. Alphabetically, for easy accessibility

B. According to their chemical properties and classification

Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) in the chemistry laboratory for routine testing includes: A. Safety glasses for individuals not wearing contact lenses B. Gloves with rubberized sleeves C. Impermeable lab coat with eye/face protection and appropriate disposable gloves D. Respirators with HEPA filter

C. Impermeable lab coat with eye/face protection and appropriate disposable gloves

A fire caused by a flammable liquid should be extinguised using which type of extinguisher? A. Halogen B. Class B C. Class C D. Pressurized water

B. Class B

Which of the following is the proper means of disposal for the type of waste? A. Microbiologive waste by steam sterilization B. Radioactive waster by incineration C. Xylene into the sewer system D. Mercury by burial

A. Microbiologive waste by steam sterilization

What are the major contributing factors to repetitive strain injuries? A. Position/posture, applied force, and frequency of repitition B. Temperature and vibration C. Fatigue, clumsiness, and lack of coordination D. Inattention on the part of the laboratorian

A. Position/posture, applied force, and frequency of repitition

Which of the following are examples of nonionizing radiation? A. Gamma rays and x-rays B. Alpha and beta radiation C. Ultraviolet light and microwaves D. Neutron radiation

C. Ultraviolet light and microwaves

One liter of 4 N sodium hydroxide (strong base) in a glass 1 L beaker accidentally fell and spilled on the laboratory floor. The first step is to: A. Squirt water on the spill to dilute the chemical B. Throw some kitty litter on the spill C. Alert and evacuate those in the immediate area out of harms way D. Call 911 E. Neutralize with absorbing materials in a nearby spill kit

C. Alert and evacuate those in the immediate area out of harms way

Of the following, which is NOT reportable to the Department of Labor? A. A laboratorian with a persistent cough that is only triggered at work B. A laboratorian that tripped in the lab and hit her head on the lab bench rendering her unconscious C. A laboratorian that experienced a chemical burn D. A laboratorian that was stuck by a contaminated needle after performing phlebotomy on a patient E. A laboratorian that forgot to wear his lab coat and gloves while diluting patient serum

A. A laboratorian with a persistent cough that is only triggered at work