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Biochem > biochem Module 7 > Flashcards

biochem Module 7 Flashcards

1
Q

true or false. nucleosides are nucleotides with phosphate groups

A

false

nucleotides are nucleosides with phosphate group

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2
Q

which part of the lac operon will encode for permease

a. lac I
b. lac z
c. lac y
d. lac a

A

c

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3
Q

sugar used in RNA is a product from which metabolic pathway

a. glycolysis
b. gluconeogenesis
c. PPP
d. ETC

A

c

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4
Q

In making nucleic acids, these are needed

a. nucleotide monophosphate
b. nucleotide diphosphate
c. nucleotide triphosphate
d. nucleoside

A

c

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5
Q

in adenosine triphosphate, phosphate groups are bonded by

a. glycosidic
b. phosphodiester
c. H bond
d. acid anhydride

A

d

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6
Q

name this structure
nitrogenous base: cytosine
sugar: deoxyribose
phosphate group: 1

A

deoxycytidine monophosphate

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7
Q

in purines, glycosidic bond is normally between ____ of sugar and ____ of purine

a. C1 and N1
b. C2 and N3
c. C3 and N5
d. C2 and N7
d. C1 and N9

A

d

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8
Q

in nuclei acids, the base pair C-G is linked by

a. 1 G bond
b. 2 H bond
c. 3 H bond
d. oxygen bond

A

c

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9
Q

nucleotides are linked together by

a. glycosidic
b. phosphodiester
c. H bond
d. acid anhydride

A

b

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10
Q

in the body, the first pyrimidine synthesized is

a. AMP
b. UMP
c. OMP
d. IMP

A

c

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11
Q

end product of purine metabolism

a. orotic acid
b. hydrochloric acid
c. uric acid
d. hydroxyapatite

A

c

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12
Q

the ff makes up a adenosine monophosphate except

a. purine
b. pyrimidine
c. ribose
d. phosphate group

A

b

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13
Q

synthetic nucleotide analogues are effective as anti virals because they act by

a. competitive inhibitors
b. non competitive inhibitor
c. enzyme inhibitor
d. enzyme inducer

A

a

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14
Q

deoxyribose has only 1 hydroxyl group attach to

a. carbon 1
b. carbon 2
c. carbon 3
d. carbon 4
e. carbon 5

A

c

if ribose carbon 2 and 3

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15
Q

the role of pyrophosphate in purine synthesis is

a. part of the final product
b. energy source
c. inhibitor
d. NOTA

A

b

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16
Q

rate limiting enzyme in purine synthesis

a. PRPP synthetase
b. AIR carboxylase
c. PRPP glutamyl aminotransferase
d. PGAM synthase

A

c

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17
Q

in ring closure, the process involved is

a. decarboxylation
b. oxidation
c. dehydrogenation
d. dehydration

A

d

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18
Q

initial substrate in purine synthesis

a. Glutamine
b. ribose 5 phosphate
c. IMP
d. amino acid

A

b

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19
Q

major site of purine synthesis

a. kidney
b. muscle
c. heart
d. liver

A

d

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20
Q

second messenger utilized by nitric oxide

a. cAMP
b. cGMP
c. phospholipase C
d. G protein

A

b

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21
Q

what amino acid can be synthesized from ribose 5 phosphate

a. glutamine
b. aspartate
c. arginine
d. histidine

A

d

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22
Q

the nitrogen 1 of purine is from

a. aspartate
b. CO2
c. N10 formyl THF
d. glycine

A

a

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23
Q

true or false. we can use the nucleic acids from the food we eat for purine anabolism

A

false

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24
Q

the repressor gene in bacteriophage lamba is an example of

a. positive regulator
b. negative regulator
c. both
d. nota

A

c

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25
Q

the first committed step in purine synthesis is catalyzed by

a. PRPP synthetase
b. AIR carboxylase
c. PRPP glutamyl aminotransferase
d. PGAM synthase

A

a

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26
Q

in pyrimidines, glycosidic bond is normally between ____ of sugar and ____ of pyrimidine

a. C1 and N1
b. C2 and N3
c. C3 and N5
d. C2 and N7
d. C1 and N9

A

a

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27
Q

in the branch point for purine syntheisis, AMP needs energy in the form of

a. ATP
b. GTP
c. GDP
d. ADP

A

b

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28
Q

the nitrogen 3 of purine is from

a. aspartate
b. CO2
c. glutamine
d. glycine

A

c

nitrogen 3 ans 9

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29
Q

what TCA intermediate will be yielded in the branch point for AMP pathway

a. fumarate
b. succinyl coA
c. citrate
d. malonyl coA

A

a

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30
Q

how many ATP is needed for purine synthesis

a. 1
b. 2
c. 5
d. 6

A

c
1 mole- glycince, CO2, aspartate
2 mole- glutamine, formate

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31
Q

what amino acid is needed in the branch point for the GMP pathway

a. fumarate
b. glutamine
c. aspartate
d. serine

A

b

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32
Q

in the branch point for purine syntheisis, when there is more ATP than GTP what pathway will predominate?

a. GDP
b. ADP
c. AMP
d. GMP

A

d

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33
Q

a bacteriophage is a/an

a. bacteria
b. fungi
c. virus
d. algae

A

c

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34
Q

what amino acid is needed in the branch point for the AMP pathway

a. fumarate
b. glutamine
c. aspartate
d. serine

A

c

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35
Q

adenosine is converted to inosine via the help of

a. ADA
b. PNP
c. xanthine oxidase
d. nucleotidase

A

a

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36
Q

when nucleotidase acts, it will yield

a. nucleotide
b. ribose
c. nucleoside
d. DNA

A

c

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37
Q

in purine catabolism, they will all become

a. guanine
b. hypoxanthine
c. inosine
d. xanthine

A

d

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38
Q

what ezyme will catalyze the release of nitrogenous base?

a. ADA
b. PNP
c. xanthine oxidase
d. nucleotidase

A

b

will release ribose 1 phosphate

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39
Q

to make AMP from adenine, __________ must be incorporated

a. water
b. PRPP
c. glutamine
d. CO2

A

b

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40
Q

true or false. catabolism of purine synthesis will always yield uric acid

A

false. think salvage pathway

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41
Q 
defieciency in ADA results in 
a. albinism 
b. Von Gierke 
c. Gout 
d, SCID
A

d

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42
Q

what cell is most affected in salvage pathway for purine nucleotides

a. nephrons
b. leukocytes
c. cardiac cell
d. adipocytes

A

b

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43
Q

the free purine bases can be reconverted to their nucleotides via the process of

a. carboxylation
b. phosphoribosylation
c. dehydration
d. dehydrogenation

A

b

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44
Q

DNA replication occurs during

a. G1 phase
b. G2 phase
c. S phase
d. M phase

A

c

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45
Q

what TCA intermediate is released in the purine nucleotide cycle

a. fumarate
b. succinyl coA
c. citrate
d. malonyl coA

A

a

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46
Q

true or false. lysogenic pathway can become a lytic pathway

A

true, if you manipulate the environmental factors

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47
Q 
the ff are substrates for carbamoyl phosphate except 
a. glutamine 
b ATP
c. C02 
d. aspartate
A

d

48
Q

in pyrimidine synthesis, what is the source of ribose phosphate

a. glutamine
b. quinone
c. PRPP
d. histidine

A

c

49
Q

rate limiting enzyme in pyrimidine synthesis

a. Carbamoyl phosphate synthase 1
b. Carbomoyl phosphate synthase 2
c. ATCase
d. OMP decarboxylase

A

c

50
Q

what nucleotide is derived by de novo synthesis from dUMP

a. guanine
b. uridine
c. cytidine
d. thymidine

A

d

51
Q

aspartate contributes to the ff atoms in pyrimidine except

a. N1
b. N3
c. C4
d. C6

A

b

52
Q

actions of hormones usually exhibit what type of response

a. type a
b. type b
c. type c
d. type d

A

a

53
Q

lac operon is an example of _____ response

a. type a
b. type b
c. type c
d. type d

A

a

54
Q

in the body, the first purine synthesized is

a. AMP
b. UMP
c. OMP
d. IMP

A

d

55
Q

in the synthesis of CTP, what is the amino source

a. glutamine
b. glutamate
c. ammonia
d. alanine

A

a

56
Q

in the synthesis of urea, what is the amino source

a. glutamine
b. glutamate
c. ammonia
d. alanine

A

c

57
Q

biosynthetic pathway of purine and pyrimidine are for

a. ribonucleotides
b. deoxyribonucleotides
c. both
d. nota

A

a

58
Q

in nuclei acids, the base pair A-T is linked by

a. 1 G bond
b. 2 H bond
c. 3 H bond
d. oxygen bond

A

b

59
Q 
which of the ff bases does not appear on DNA 
a. A
B. C
C. G
D. T
E. U
A

E

60
Q

formation of deoxyribose is thru

a. reduction
b. oxidation
c. decarboxylation
d. hydration

A

a

61
Q

enzyme used for the convertion of ribose to deoxyribose

a. deoxyribonucleoside reductase
b. ribonucleotide synthase
c. deoxyribonucleotide synthase
d. ribonucleotide reductase

A

d

62
Q 
reduction of ribonucleotide reductase is facilitated by 
a, NADPH 
b. ATP 
c. glutaredoxin
d. vitamin C
A

c

or thioredoxin

63
Q

dATP INHIBITS REDUCTION

a. ADP
b. CDP
c. GDP
d. AOTA

A

d

64
Q

thymidine is also called

a. 4-amino guanine
b. 3-hydroxyuracil
c. 5-methyl cytosine
d. adenosine monophosphate

A

c

65
Q

regeneration of DHF to THF is catalyzed by what enzyme

a. thymidilate synthase
b. dihydrofolate synthase
c. dihydrofolate reductase
d. serine hydroxymethyl synthase

A

c

66
Q

stop codon for mitochondrial DNA except

a. AGA
b. AGG
c. UGA
d. NOTA

A

c.
for eukaryotic DNa - stop codons are UAG, UAA, UGA
Mitochnondrial - UGA is not a stop codon. code for tryptophan

67
Q

bacteria’s source of folate

a. human
b. diet
c. PABA
d. sulfonamides

A

c

68
Q

increase in PRPP will ______ purine synthesis, ____ pyrimidine synthesis

a. inc, dec
b. inc, inc
c. dec, inc
d. dec, dec

A

b

69
Q

The role of glycine in ATCase regulation

a. amino source
b. energy souce
c. competitive inhibitor
d. enzyme inducer

A

c

70
Q

ATCase is inhibited by the ff except

a. CTP
b. UDP
c. UTP
d. dUTP
e. ATP

A

e

71
Q

end product of pyrimidine catabolism

a. uric acid
b. xanthine
c. beta alanine
d. potassium dichromate

A

c along with β-aminoisobutyrate, NH3, CO2

72
Q

a polymeric molecule composed of 4 types of monomeric units that contains the genetic information of an organism.

a. protein
b. enzyme
c. lipids
d. DNA

A

d

73
Q

One turn of B-DNA contains

a. 7 base pair
b. 8 base pair
c. 9 base pair
d. 10 base pair

A

d

74
Q

the carbon 2 of purine is from

a. aspartate
b. CO2
c. N10 formyl THF
d. glycine

A

c

75
Q

if 15% of a DNA is A, how many is C

a. 35
b. 60
c. 85
d. 100

A

a

76
Q

RNA transcript has the same sequence as

a. template strand
b. coding strand
c. non coding strand
d. killing strand

A

b

77
Q

who died

a. watson
b. crick
c. both
d. nota

A

b

78
Q

The RNA transcript is complementary to the

a. DNA coding strand
b. poly A tail
c. cap
d. DNA template strand

A

d

79
Q

template for protein synthesis

a. mRNA
b. tRNA
c. rRNA
d. DNA

A

a

80
Q

dGTP INHIBITS REDUCTION of the ff except

a. ADP
b. CDP
c. UDP
d. GDP

A

a

81
Q

Separated strands of DNA will renature or will reassociate when appropriate physiologic temperature and salt conditions are achieved. this process is called

a. degeneration
b. replication
c. transcription
d. hybridization

A

d

82
Q

silencing RNA

a. miRNA
b. siRNAs
c. tRNA
d. mRNA

A

b

83
Q

phenotype is determined by

a. central dogma
b. gene expression
c. histones
d. chromosomes

A

b

84
Q

which of the ff purine base has no PNP

a. inosine
b. xanthosine
c. adenosine
d. guanosine

A

d

85
Q

acts as the machinery for the synthesis of proteins from mRNA templates

a. mRNA
b. tRNA
c. rRNA
d. DNA

A

c

86
Q

the following occurs in the nucleus except

a. replication
b. transcription
c. translation
d. NOTA

A

c.

87
Q

expression of the gene is increased by an activator

a. positive regulation
b. negative regulation
c. non competitive inhibitor
d. competitive inhibitor

A

a

88
Q

differentiated functions in tissues and organs usually exhibits what type of response

a. type a
b. type b
c. type c
d. type d

A

c

89
Q

in the branch point for purine syntheisis, GMP needs energy in the form of

a. ATP
b. GTP
c. GDP
d. ADP

A

a

90
Q

gene expression is dependent upon the presence of inducing signal. this is

a. type a
b. type b
c. type c
d. type d

A

a

91
Q

CAP- cAMP increases during low level of glucose. ths is an example of

a. positive regulation
b. negative regulation
c. non competitive inhibitor
d. competitive inhibitor

A

a

92
Q

the carbon 6 of purine is from

a. aspartate
b. CO2
c. N10 formyl THF
d. glycine

A

b

93
Q

deoxyribose is different from ribose because

a. it lacks hydroxyl group at carbon 2
b. it lackshydroxyl group at carbon 3
c. it lacks ketone group at carbon 2
d. it lacks ketone group at carbon 3

A

a

94
Q

which part of the lac operon will encode for galactosidase

a. lac I
b. lac z
c. lac y
d. lac a

A

b

95
Q

what type of response is usually seen in the development of an organism

a. type a
b. type b
c. type c
d. type d

A

b

96
Q

for lac operon to take place there must be

a. high glucose, low lactose
b. low glucose, no lactose
c. low glucose, high lactose
d. high glucose, high lactose

A

c

97
Q

binding of an inducer depresses the lac operon. this is an example of

a. positive regulation
b. negative regulation
c. non competitive inhibitor
d. competitive inhibitor

A

b

98
Q 
Smallest unit of gene expression 
A. Gene 
B. Chromatin 
C. Cistron 
D. Operon
A

C

99
Q

what do you call a set of genes arranged sequentially and is involved in a particular metabolic activity

a. gene expression
b. bacteriophage lambda
c. lac operon
d. phenotype

A

c

100
Q

mitochondrial DNA is from

a. our mother
b. our father
c. our brother
d. our sister

A

a

101
Q

when the Cro gene is activated, the lytic pathway is irreversible. this is an example of _____- response

a. type a
b. type b
c. type c
d. type d

A

c

102
Q

in bacteriophage, they insert their DNA on their host when it is on dormant stage, it proceeds in _____ pathway

a. lysogenic
b. lytic
c. lion
d. lac operom

A

a

103
Q

what kind of RNA matches amino acids with the codons in mRNA

a. mRNA
b. tRNA
c. rRNA
d. DNA

A

b

104
Q

glycine contributes which part of purine

a. N1, C4, N9
b. C4, C5, N7
c. N3, C8, N9
d. C6, N7, N1

A

b

105
Q 
Which part of the lac operon is a constitutive gene 
A. lacI 
B. lacZ
C. lacY
D. lacA
A

A

106
Q 
In bacteriophage lambda, Which of the ff has the least affinity to the repressor gene 
A. OR1
B. OR2 
C. OR3 
D. OR4
A

C

OR1 - highest affinity

107
Q

Serve as adapters for the translation of mRNA to amino acids

a. mRNA
b. tRNA
c. rRNA
d. DNA

A

b

108
Q

in prokaryotes, these are group of proteins that recognize the site of origin

a. DNA polymerase III
b. DNA poymerase I
c. ssDNA binging protein
d. DNA A protein
e. primase

A

d

109
Q

in prokaryotes, these are synthesizes primers

a. DNA polymerase III
b. DNA poymerase I
c. ssDNA binging protein
d. DNA A protein
e. primase

A

e

110
Q

in prokaryotes, these are group of proteins that have the proofreading ability

a. DNA polymerase III
b. DNA poymerase I
c. ssDNA binging protein
d. DNA A protein
e. primase

A

a

111
Q

in prokaryotes, these are group of proteins that maintain the separation of parental strands

a. DNA polymerase III
b. DNA poymerase I
c. ssDNA binging protein
d. DNA A protein
e. primase

A

c

112
Q

in prokaryotes, these are group of proteins that remove supercoils

a. DNA polymerase III
b. DNA poymerase I
c. ssDNA binging protein
d. DNA A protein
e. DNA Topoisomerase

A

e

113
Q

in prokaryotes, these are group of proteins that remove primase

a. DNA polymerase III
b. DNA poymerase I
c. ssDNA binging protein
d. DNA A protein
e. primase

A

b

114
Q

origin of site of replication in prokaryotic DNA is rich in

a. AT pair
b. CG pair
c. AC pair
d. CU pair

A

a

115
Q

what do you all highly repetitive DNA at the end of their linear chromosomes

a. histones
b. chromatin
c. telomere
d. centromere

A

c

116
Q

purine nucleotide cycle is important in

a. nephrons
b. leukocytes
c. muscle cell
d. adipocytes

A

c

Biochem (8 decks)

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