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FM1010 > BIochem - Bioenergetics > Flashcards

BIochem - Bioenergetics Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of reactions are all reaction in the cells which involve the transfer of energy?

A

Oxidation reduction reactions - ATP -> ADP + P is oxidation

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2
Q

The transfer of energy in the body depends on what?

A

Movement of electrons

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3
Q

What is the energy currency of the cell?

A

ATP

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4
Q

How does ATP carry energy ?

A

3 phosphoryl groups are added to ATP via 1 phosphoester bond and 2 phosphoanhydride bonds

When the bonds are broken energy is released

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5
Q

What is hydrolysis ?

A

A chemical reaction involving the breaking of a bond using water

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6
Q

Equation for hydrolysis of ATP

A

ATP + H2O -> ADP + Pi (HPO4 ^ 2-) + ENERGY

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7
Q

All endergonic reactions in a cell require a corresponding exergonic reaction t/f?

A

True

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8
Q

What is energy coupling?

A

An energetically favourable reaction with an energetically unfavourable one

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9
Q

What are the laws of thermodynamics?

A
  1. Energy can’t be created or destroyed
  2. In any closed system entropy will either remain constant or increase - the universe always tends towards increasing disorder
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10
Q

What is enthalpy ?

A

The internal energy in a system

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11
Q

What is entropy ?

A

The randomness/disorder in a system

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12
Q

What is Gibb’s free energy?

A

The amount of energy that is capable of doing work during a reaction at a constant temperature and pressure

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13
Q

Equation of Gibb’s free energy

A

Δ G = Δ H – T Δ S

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14
Q

Explain the equation of GIbb’s free energy

A

At a constant tempterature The change in free energy is determined by the enthalpy change (reflecting the no. And kinds of covalent bonds broken and formed) and the entropy change (change in systems disorder)

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15
Q

What happens to free energy when ΔH = T ΔS

A

ΔG = 0 , no change in free energy

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16
Q

What happens when ΔH > T ΔS

A

Δg is positive, reaction is endergonic

17
Q

What happens when ΔH < T ΔS

A

ΔG negative - reaction is exergonic

18
Q

Is a biochemical reaction has a negative ΔG , will it occur spontaneously ?

A

Yes

19
Q

Is a biochemical reaction has a positive ΔG , will it occur spontaneously ?

A

No. Requires energy

20
Q

What is free energy ?

A

The energy cells must use to do things

21
Q

Why can’t heat be used by cells to carry out reactions?

A

Cells function at a constant temperature - they are isothermal

22
Q

What does NADPH stand for

A

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

23
Q

What is ΔH

A

The change in enthalpy of a system. Refers to the number and type of bonds which are created/destroyed

24
Q

What is ΔS?

A

The change in entropy in a system

FM1010 (11 decks)

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