ANATOMY - GAIT CYCLE

Question 1

What are the 2 main phases of the gait cycle?

Answer 1

Swing phase
Stance phase

Question 2

What % of time in the gait cycle is spent in stance phase?

Answer 2

60%

Question 3

What % of time in the gait cycle is spent in swing phase?

Answer 3

40%

Question 4

What is the gait cycle?

Answer 4

One cycle of swing and stance by one limb

Question 5

Name the 8 phases of the gait cycle, in order.

Answer 5

1. Heel strike (flat foot)
2. Loading response (flat foot)
3. Mid stance
4. Terminal stance (heel off)
5. Preswing (toe off)
6. Initial swing
7. Mid swing
8. Terminal swing

Question 6

What are the phases of the stance phase?

Answer 6

1. Heel strike (Initial contact)
2. Loading response (flat foot)
3. Midstance
4. Terminal stance
5. Preswing (between stance & swing phase)

Question 7

What are the phases of the swing phase

Answer 7

1. Preswing (part of stance & swing)
2. Initial swing
3. Mid swing
4. Terminal swing

Question 8

What are the mechanical goals of the heel strike?

Answer 8

1. Lower forefoot to ground

• continue deceleration (begins in terminal swing)
• preserve longitudinal arch of foot

Question 9

What muscle groups are active in the heel strike?
Name the main muscle in each group which is active

Answer 9

1. Ankle dorsiflexors - MAINLY TIB ANTERIOR
2. Hip extensors - GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
3. Instrinsic muscles of foot - FDB
4. Long tendons of foot - TIB ANT TENDON

Question 10

What are the mechanical goals of the loading response? 1 main one, 3 others

Answer 10

1. Accept weight

• decelerate mass (slow dorsiflexion)
• stabilise pelvis
  -preserve longitudinal arch of foot

Question 11

What muscle groups are active in the loading response? Give examples of the main muscles in each

Answer 11

1. Knee extensors - QUADRICEPS
2. Ankle plantarflexors - SOLEUS & GASTROCNEMIUS
3. Hip abductor s