BIO100 chptr 7 skeletal system part two

Question 1

Cranial Bones

Answer 1

Frontal (1)
Parietal (2)
Occipital (1)
Temporal (2)
Sphenoid (1)
Ethmoid (1)

Question 2

facial skeleton

Answer 2

consists of thirteen immovable bones and a movable lower jawbone. In addition to forming the basic shape of the face, these bones provide attachments for muscles that move the jaw and control facial expressions.

Question 3

The bones of the facial skeleton

Answer 3

Maxilla (2)
Palatine (2)
zygomatic (2)
lacrimal (2)
nasal (2)
vomer (1)
inferior nasal conchae (2)
mandible (1)

Question 4

Maxilla (2)

Answer 4

Maxilla (2)

Form upper jaw, anterior roof of mouth, floors of orbits, and sides and floor of nasal cavity

Alveolar processes, maxillary sinuses, palatine process

Question 5

Palatine (2)

Answer 5

Palatine (2)

Form posterior roof of mouth and floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity

Question 6

Zygomatic (2)

Answer 6

Zygomatic (2)

Form prominences of cheeks and lateral walls and floors of orbits

Temporal process

Question 7

Lacrimal (2)

Answer 7

Lacrimal (2)

Form part of medial walls of orbits

Question 8

Nasal (2)

Answer 8

Nasal (2)

Form bridge of nose

Question 9

Vomer (1)

Answer 9

Vomer (1)

Forms inferior portion of nasal septum

Question 10

Inferior nasal concha (2)

Answer 10

Inferior nasal concha (2)

Extend into nasal cavity from its lateral walls

Question 11

Mandible (1)

Answer 11

Mandible (1)

Forms lower jaw

Body, ramus, mandibular condyle, coronoid process, alveolar processes, mandibular foramen, mental foramen

Question 12

fontanels

Answer 12

a space between the bones of the skull in an infant or fetus, where ossification is not complete and the sutures not fully formed. The main one is between the frontal and parietal bones.

Question 13

vertebral column

Answer 13

extends from the skull to the pelvis and forms the vertical axis of the skeleton. It is composed of many bony parts called vertebrae (ver′tĕ-bre) separated by masses of fibrocartilage called intervertebral discs and connected to one another by ligaments. The vertebral column supports the head and the trunk of the body, yet is flexible enough to permit movements, such as bending forward, backward, or to the side and turning or rotating on the central axis. It also protects the spinal cord.

Question 14

vertebrae

Answer 14

each of the series of small bones forming the backbone, having several projections for articulation and muscle attachment, and a hole through which the spinal cord passes.

Question 15

intervertebral discs

Answer 15

intervertebral disc (or intervertebral fibrocartilage) lies between adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column. Each disc forms a fibrocartilaginous joint (a symphysis), to allow slight movement of the vertebrae, to act as a ligament to hold the vertebrae together, and to function as a shock absorber for the spine.

Question 16

An infant has thirty-three separate bones in the vertebral column.

Answer 16

Five of these bones eventually fuse to form the sacrum, and four others join to become the coccyx. As a result, an adult vertebral column has twenty-six bones.

Question 17

primary spinal curves

Answer 17

The thoracic and sacral curvatures / concave anteriorly

Question 18

secondary curves of the spine

Answer 18

cervical curvature in the neck and the lumbar curvature in the lower back are convex anteriorly
( The cervical curvature develops when a baby begins to hold up its head, and the lumbar curvature develops when the child begins to stand.)

Question 19

anterior longitudinal ligaments

Answer 19

is a broad and strong band of fibers, which extends

Question 20

posterior longitudinal ligaments

Answer 20

is situated within the vertebral canal, and extends along the posterior surfaces of the bodies of the vertebrae, from the body of the axis, where it is continuous with the tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint, to the sacrum.

Question 21

pedicles

Answer 21

in the spine- pedicles is a stub of bone that connects the lamina to the vertebral body to form the vertebral arch. Two short, stout processes extend from the sides of the vertebral body and joins with broad flat plates of bone (laminae) to form a hollow archway that protects the spinal cord.