Bio-Pac 08: Objective 06-07

Question 1

Objective 6. Distinguish between movement and locomotion.

Answer 1

There are three different types of movement, ameboid, ciliary, and muscular. All movement depends on the single fundamental mechanism called contractile proteins which are powered by ATP. Ameboid movement occurs by sending out or withdrawing pseudopodia (flase feet) from any point on a cells’ surface. Ciliary movement uses hair-like structures called cilia and flagellum. Muscular movement uses contractile tissue highly developed in specialized fibers. Locomotion however is the act of moving from place to place, while movement is the act of moving. Locomotion takes place at organism level while movement can take place at any biological level from cellular to organisms. Locomotion is usually voluntary while movement could be either voluntary or involuntary. Usually plants do not move from place to place, but there are various types of movements that take place inside plants.

Question 2

Objective 7. In a chart, organize the organisms listed below according to the type of movement (Ameboid, Ciliary, and Muscular) that each uses as a means of locomotion: Monera, Annelida, Reptilia, Cnidarian, Nematoda, Amphibia, Algae, Arthropoda, Osteichthyes, Porifera, Echinodermata, Mammalia, Protozoa, Mollusca, Aves, Platyhelminthes.

Answer 2

Ameboid: Protozoa, Annelida, Nematoda, Platyhelminthes

Ciliary: Protozoans, Found in all major groups of animals, Rare in Arthropoda, Monera, Porifera, Echinodermata, Algae

Muscular: Reptilia, Amphibia, Arthropda, Osteichthyes, Mammalia, Aves, Cnidarian, Mollusca