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Bio Test 2 > Bio Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Bio Chapter 7 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What suffix does an enzyme typically end in?

A

“Ase”

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2
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

Chloroplast

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3
Q

Where is chloroplast found?

A

In the cells of the mesophyll

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4
Q

What does the chloroplast contain?

A

Stroma and Thylakoids, membranous sacs

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5
Q

The openings in a leaf where the carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits the leaf

A

Stromata

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6
Q

What reaction converts solar energy to chemical energy?

A

Light Reactions

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7
Q

What cycle makes sugar from carbon dioxide?

A

Calvin Cycle

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8
Q

a group of chlorophyll ( and other molecules) that function as a light-gathering antenna

A

Photosystem

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9
Q

How is breathing related to cellular respiration?

A

When you inhale you breathe in O2, which is delivered to your cells and is used during cellular respiration. CO2 is a waste product of cellular respiration and is exhaled.

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10
Q

Using the energy from light, what is the initial electron donor in photosynthesis?

A

Chlorophyll

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11
Q

What all does a plant need for growth?

A

Sunlight, water, carbon dioxide

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12
Q

When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, what is its source?

A

Splitting of H2O

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13
Q

Photosynthetic organisms include?

A

Protists and Bacteria

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14
Q

Why are leaves green?

A

The chlorophyll and other pigments reflect green light while absorbing other light.

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15
Q

Which stage is responsible for completing the breakdown of glucose all the way to CO2, which is then released as a waste product?

A

Citric Acid Cycle

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16
Q

What is the correct order of light reactions of photosynthesis?
electron transport, making NADPH, light capture, making ATP, electron excitation

A

Light Capture- Electron Excitation- Electron Transport- making ATP- making NADPH

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17
Q

Where is chlorophyll found in chloroplasts?

A

In thylakoids

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18
Q

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

A

CO2 and H2O

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19
Q

List some similarities between the electron transfer process of photosynthesis with the electron transfer chain of cellular respiration.

A
  • Both use electron to generate ATP
  • Both use electrons carries to donate electrons
  • Both involve transformation of energy
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20
Q

What part of the plant can be term its “food factory”

A

Leaves

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21
Q

What is the process known for that ultimately feeds the world?

A

Photosynthesis

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22
Q

About ** percent of the energy produced by your body each day is used to sustain your brain.

A

20%

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23
Q

What is the end result of the Calvin Cycle?

A

To produce sugars

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24
Q

What provides the energy to drive the photosynthesis chemical reactions?

A

Sunlight

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25
Q

What pathway in photosynthesis captures carbon dioxide?

A

Calvin Cycle

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26
Q

Which 2 metabolic pathways directly involve oxygen?

A

Photosynthesis and Electron Transport Chain

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27
Q

What 3 things are needed for the Calvin Cycle?

A

ATP, NADPH, and carbon

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28
Q

Where does the mass of a plant come from?

A

Carbon

29
Q

Which wavelength of light is/ are best absorbed by the chlorophyll in plants?

A

Blue and red

30
Q

What occurs in the first photosystem?

A

Photons excite electrons for transfer to an electron transport chain.

31
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis?

A

O2 and glucose

32
Q

What do cell respiration and photosynthesis have in common?

A

Both produce and use ATP

33
Q

Carbon fixation includes the addition of carbon dioxide to?

A

RuBP

34
Q

After 3-PGA is phosphorylated, it receives energized electrons from?

A

NADPH

35
Q

How many carbon dioxide molecules must be added to RuBP to make a single molecule of glucose?

A

6

36
Q

In the Calvin Cycle, how many ATP molecules are required to regenerate RuBP from five G3P molecules?

A

3

37
Q

T/F-Red has a longer wavelength than green.

A

True

38
Q

The “phot-“ part of the word “photosynthesis” refers to the light reactions that occur in what?

A

Thylakoids… the incorporation of carbon dioxide

39
Q

How do CAM plants conserve water?

A

By opening their stomata only at night

40
Q

What wavelength of light is best absorbed by chlorophyll a, the pigment participates directly in the light reactions?

A

435 nm

41
Q

What wavelength of light is best absorbed by chlorophyll b?

A

455 nm

42
Q

Why do carotenoids appear yellow and oranage?

A

They absorb blue/green light and reflect yellow and red wavelengths of light.

43
Q

In photosynthesis, plants use__ to make sugar and other organic materials.

A

Carbon Dioxide

44
Q

The most important role of pigments in photosynthesis is to capture?

A

light energy

45
Q

What are the end products of photosynthesis?

A

Glucose and Molecular oxygen

46
Q

Where does oxygen gas come from?

A

Photosynthesis; Oxygen is released when water is broken down to extract electrons and protons for use in the light reactions

47
Q

The light reactions produce what?

A

Oxygen, NADPH, and ATP

48
Q

The thylakoid membranes bring together the components necessary to carry out what kind of reaction?

A

Light Reaction

49
Q

How do incoming photons of light energy initiate photosynthesis?

A

By exciting electrons in pigment molecules with the photosystems, raising them to a higher energy level

50
Q

Which option properly summarizes the inputs and outputs of the Calvin Cycle?
H20+light energy- ATP+NADPH+02 gas
H2)+light energy+ CO2- glucose+ O2 gas
ATP+NADPH+3CO2- G3P

A

ATP+NADPH+3CO2- G3P

51
Q

When light strikes chlorophyll molecules, the lose electrons, which are ultimately replaced by other electrons obtained by?

A

Splitting water

52
Q

In photosynthesis, what is the fate of the oxygen atoms present in CO2? They end up____?

A

in sugar molecules and in water

53
Q

In the electromagnetic spectrum, the type of radiation that we call visible light occurs between?

A

UV radiation and infrared radiation

54
Q

Plant cells that contain the organelle responsible for photosynthesis are concentrated in cells of the___?

A

Leaves

55
Q

What color is most strongly reflected by chlorophyll?

A

Green

56
Q

During photosynthesis in chloroplasts, O2 is produced from___ via a series of reactions associated with___.

A

H2O and the water-splitting photosystem

57
Q

What is the Earth’s ultimate energy source?

A

Sunlight

58
Q

What organelle does photosynthesis take place in?

A

Chloroplast

59
Q

What connects the two photosystems in the light reaction?

A

Electron Support Chain

60
Q

What 2 molecules are produced by the light reactions and used to power the Calvin Cycle?

A

ATP and NADPH

61
Q

What provides electrons for the light reactions?

A

H2O

62
Q

What transports electrons from the light reactions to the Calvin Cycle?

A

NADPH

63
Q

The light reactions take place in the____ and the Calvin Cycle takes place in the____.

A

Thylakoids and stroma

64
Q

In C3 plants the conversation of water promotes what?

A

Photorespiration

65
Q

In C4 and CAM plants carbon dioxide is fixed in the ___ of mesophyll cells.

A

Cytoplasm

66
Q

C4 plants differ from C3 and CAM plants in that C4 plants?

A

Transfer fixed CO2 to cells in which the Calvin Cycle occurs

67
Q

What is produced in the thylakoids and consumed by the reactions in the storms of a chloroplast?

A

ATP and NADPH

68
Q

6H2O+6CO2+ Sunlight —- C6H12O6+6O2

A

Photosynthesis

69
Q

6O2+C6H12O6—ATP+6CO2+6H2O

A

Cellular Respiration

Bio Test 2 (9 decks)

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