Bio Chapter 6 Flashcards
ATP
Bond energy are first converted into energy carriers like ATP
Chemical work, transport work, mechanical work
Source of energy for the planet
Sun
Potential energy
Energy that matter has because of its location or structure
Kinetic energy
Energy associated with motion
Thermal energy
Catabolism
Breakdown of molecules to make simpler ones
Anabolism
Synthesis of simpler molecules to make more complex ones
1st law of thermodynamics
Energy in the universe is constant
Can’t be created or destroyed, but can be transferred or transformed
2nd law of thermodynamics
Degree of disorder can only increase
Take energy from environment and lose it in the form of heat
Endergonic
Absorbs free energy from surroundings and is not spontaneous
Exergonic
Proceeds with net release of free energy and is spontaneous
Catalyzed reactions
Speed up specific reactions by lowering the Ea barrier
Speeds it up without being consumed by the reaction
Gibbs free energy change (^G)
Amount of useful energy in a system
When it is positive, reaction is not spontaneous
When negative, it is spontaneous
Enzymes
Speed up reactions
Protein that catalyzes a specific chemical reaction
Active site
Site that binds with substrate
Very specific binding
Substrate
Reactant that an enzyme acts on
